Security Concepts

Question 1

Configuration/Monitoring, CLI/GUI, each vendor has its proprietary way to configure its devices

Answer 1

Management Plane

Question 2

Layer 2 protocols and control, L3 protocols (OSPF, RIP, BGP, etc)

Answer 2

Control Plane

Question 3

Institutes how data is forwarded inside the hardware from the interface to interface

Answer 3

Data Plane

Question 4

What is Cisco APIC?

Answer 4

Cisco Application Policy Infrastructure Controller that acts as the main architectural component and the brain of the Cisco ACI solution. It can be considered a policy and a topology manager.

Question 5

What is Cisco ACI?

Answer 5

Cisco Application Centric Infrastructure provides the ability to automate setting networking policies and configurations in a very flexible and scalable way.

Question 6

What is VXLAN?

Answer 6

a network virtualization technology that leverages an encapsulation technique similar to VLANs to encapsulate L@ frames within UDP packets (UDP 4789).

Question 7

What is “east-west” traffic?

Answer 7

Network traffic between servers (virtual servers or physical servers, containters, and so on)

Question 8

What is “north-south” traffic?

Answer 8

Network traffic flowing in and outside the data center.

Question 9

What is a “southbound” API?

Answer 9

are used to communicate between the SDN controller and the switches and routers within the infrastructure. They enable SDN controllers to dynamically make changes based on real-time demands and scalability needs

Question 10

What is a “northbound” API?

Answer 10

are typically RESTful APIs that are used to communicate between the SDN controller and the services and applications running over the network.

Question 11

What is Cisco DNAC?

Answer 11

Cisco DNA Center is a C2 element that provides centralized management via dash-boards and APIs.

Question 12

What type of API does Cisco DNAC use?

Answer 12

RESTful

Question 13

HTTP status codes
100 informational
200 success
300 redirect
400 client error
500 server error

Question 14

What is SOAP?

Answer 14

Simple Object Access Protocol is a standards-based web services access protocol that exclusively uses XML to provide API services.

Question 15

What is REST?

Answer 15

Representational State Transfer is an API standard that is easier to use than SOAP. It uses JSON instead of XML.

Question 16

What is NETCONF?

Answer 16

created to overcome the challenges of legacy SNMP. Client = application, Server = network device, Manger = controller. It is XML-based structure done over SSH using TCP 830.

Question 17

What is RESTCONF?

Answer 17

capabilities of NETCONF over REST. Big difference between RESTCONF and NETCONF is that NETCONF has a client server model.

Question 18

What is the protocol and port number for IKE?

Answer 18

UDP 500

Question 19

ESP and AH operate at what level in the OSI model and what are there protocol numbers?

Answer 19

L3, ESP - 50 and AH - 51