security+ 501 Flashcards
A security analyst wishes to increase the security of an FTP server. Currently, all trails to the FTP server is
unencrypted. Users connecting to the FTP server use a variety of modem FTP client software. The security
analyst wants to keep the same port and protocol, while also still allowing unencrypted connections. Which of
the following would BEST accomplish these goals?
A. Require the SFTP protocol to connect to the file server.
B. Use implicit TLS on the FTP server.
C. Use explicit FTPS for the connections.
D. Use SSH tunneling to encrypt the FTP traffic.
C
A company has three divisions, each with its own networks and services. The company decides to make its
secure web portal accessible to all employees utilizing their existing usernames and passwords, The security
administrator has elected to use SAML to support authentication. In this scenario, which of the following will
occur when users try to authenticate to the portal? (Select TWO)
A. The portal will function as an identity provider and issue an authentication assertion
B. The portal will request an authentication ticket from each network that is transitively trusted
C. he back-end networks will function as an identity provider and issue an authentication assertion
D. The back-end networks will request authentication tickets from the portal, which will act as the third-party
service provider authentication store E. F. The back-end networks will verify the assertion token issued by
the portal functioning as the identity provider
C
Which of the following would a security specialist be able to determine upon examination of a server’s
certificate?
A. CA public key
B. Server private key
C. CSR
D. OID
A
A user suspects someone has been accessing a home network without permission by spoofing the MAC
address of an authorized system While attempting to determine if an unauthorized user is togged into the home
network, the user reviews the wireless router, which shows the following table for systems that are currently on
the home network.
Which of the following should be the NEXT step to determine if there is an unauthorized user on the network?
A. Apply MAC filtering and see if the router drops any of the systems.
B. Physically check each of the authorized systems to determine if they are togged onto the network.
C. Deny the “unknown” host because the hostname is not known and MAC filtering is not applied to this host.
D. Conduct a ping sweep of each of the authorized systems and see if an echo response is received.
C
A security consultant discovers that an organization is using the PCL protocol to print documents, utilizing the
default driver and print settings. Which of the following is the MOST likely risk in this situation?
A. An attacker can access and change the printer configuration.
B. SNMP data leaving the printer will not be properly encrypted.
C. An MITM attack can reveal sensitive information.
D. An attacker can easily inject malicious code into the printer firmware.
E. Attackers can use the PCL protocol to bypass the firewall of client computers.
A
A security analyst is hardening a server with the directory services role installed. The analyst must ensure
LDAP traffic cannot be monitored or sniffed and maintains compatibility with LDAP clients. Which of the
following should the analyst implement to meet these requirements? (Select TWO).
A. Generate an X 509-complaint certificate that is signed by a trusted CA.
B. Install and configure an SSH tunnel on the LDAP server.
C. Ensure port 389 is open between the clients and the servers using the communication.
D. Ensure port 636 is open between the clients and the servers using the communication.
E. Remove the LDAP directory service role from the server.
AD
A botnet has hit a popular website with a massive number of GRE-encapsulated packets to perform a DDoS
attack News outlets discover a certain type of refrigerator was exploited and used to send outbound packets to
the website that crashed. To which of the following categories does the refrigerator belong?
A. SoC
B. ICS
C. IoT
D. MFD
C
A user has attempted to access data at a higher classification level than the user’s account is currency
authorized to access. Which of the following access control models has been applied to this user’s account?
A. MAC
B. DAC
C. RBAC
D. ABAC
A
A company determines that it is prohibitively expensive to become compliant with new credit card regulations.
Instead, the company decides to purchase insurance to cover the cost of any potential loss. Which of the
following is the company doing?
A. Transferring the risk
B. Accepting the risk
C. Avoiding the risk
D. Mitigating the risk
A
An organization has determined it can tolerate a maximum of three hours of downtime.
Which of the following has been specified?
A. RTO
B. RPO
C. MTBF
D. MTTR
A
An attacker compromises a public CA and issues unauthorized X.509 certificates for Company.com. In the
future, impact of similar incidents. Which of the following would assist Company.com with its goal?
A. Certificate pinning
B. Certificate stapling
C. Certificate chaining
D. Certificate with extended validation
B
After a user reports stow computer performance, a systems administrator detects a suspicious file, which was
installed as part of a freeware software package. The systems administrator reviews the output below:
C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM32\netstat -nab
Active Connections
Proto Local Address Foreign addr State
TCP 192.168.10.5000 10.37.213.20 Established
UDP 192.168.1.10.1900 .
Based on the above information, which of the following types of malware was installed on the user’s computer?
A. RAT B. Keylogger C. Spyware D. Worm E. Bot
A
A high-security defense installation recently began utilizing large guard dogs that bark very loudly and excitedly
at the slightest provocation. Which of the following types of controls does this BEST describe?
A. Deterent
B. Preventive
C. Detective
D. Compensating
A
An application team is performing a load-balancing test for a critical application during off- hours and has
requested access to the load balancer to review. Which servers are up without having the administrator on call.
The security analyst is hesitant to give the application team full access due to other critical applications running
on the road balancer. Which of the following is the BEST solution for the security analyst to process the
request?
A. Give the application team administrator access during off hours
B. Disable other critical applications before granting the team access.
C. Give the application team read-only access
D. Share the account with the application team
A
An auditor wants to test the security posture of an organization by running a tool that will display the following:
JIMS <00> UNIQUE Registered
WORKGROUP <00> GROUP Registered
JIMS <00> UNIQUE Registered
Which of the following commands should be used?
A. nbtstat
B. nc
C. arp
D. ipconfig
A
Which of the following attacks specifically impacts data availability?
A. DDoS
B. Trojan
C. MITM
D. Rootkit
A
When connected to a secure WAP, which of the following encryption technologies is MOST likely to be
configured when connecting to WPA2-PSK?
A. DES
B. AES
C. MD5
D. WEP
B
An incident responder receives a call from a user who reports a computer is exhibiting symptoms consistent
with a malware infection. Which of the following steps should the responder perform NEXT?
A. Capture and document necessary information to assist in the response
B. Request the user capture and provide a screenshot or recording of the symptoms
C. Use a remote desktop client to collect and analyze the malware m real time
D. Ask the user to back up files for later recovery
A
An analyst wants to implement a more secure wireless authentication for office access points. Which of the
following technologies allows for encrypted authentication of wireless clients over TLS?
A. PEAP
B. EAP
C. WPA2
D. RADIUS
A
A security analyst is hardening an authentication server. One of the primary requirements is to ensure there is
mutual authentication and delegation. Given these requirements, which of the following technologies should the
analyst recommend and configure?
A. Kerberos services
B. NTLM services
C. CHAP services
D. EAP-TLS
D
An organization wishes to provide better security for its name resolution services. Which of the following
technologies BEST supports the deployment DNSSEC at the organization?
A. TPM
B. TLS
C. SSL
D. PW
B
Ann, an employee in the payroll department, has contacted the help desk citing multiple issues with her device,
including:
· Slow performance
· Word documents, PDFs, and images no longer opening
· A pop-up
Ann states the issues began after she opened an invoice that a vendor emailed to her. Upon opening the
invoice, she had to click several security warnings to view it in her word processor. With which of the following
is the device MOST likely infected?
A. Crypto-malware
B. Rootkit
C. Backdoor
D. Botnet
A
A department head at a university resigned on the first day of the spring semester. It was subsequently
determined that the department head deleted numerous files and directories from the server-based home
directory while the campus was closed. Which of the following policies or procedures co have prevented this
from occurring?
A. Time-of-day restrictions
B. Permission auditing and review
C. Offboarding
D. Account expiration
C
A company is using a mobile device deployment model in which employees use their personal devices for work
at their own discretion. Some of the problems the company is encountering include the following:
*There is no standardization.
*Employees ask for reimbursement for their devices.
*Employees do not replace their devices often enough to keep them running efficiently.
*The company does not have enough control over the devices.
Which of the following is a deployment model that would help the company overcome these problems?
A. BYOD
B. VDI
C. COPE
D. CYOD
C
Which of the following can be provided to an AAA system for the identification phase?
A. Username
B. Permissions
C. One-time token
D. Private certificate
A
A Security engineer is configuring a system that requires the X 509 certificate information to be pasted into a
form field in Base64 encoded format to import it into the system. Which of the following certificate formats
should the engineer use to obtain the information in the required format?
A. PFX
B. PEM
C. DER
D. CER
C
When performing data acquisition on a workstation, which of the following should be captured based on
memory volatility? (Select TWO).
A. USB-attached hard disk B. Swap/pagefile C. Mounted network storage D. ROM E. RAM
BE
Which of the following types of cloud Infrastructures would allow several organizations with similar structures
and interests to realize shared storage and resources?
A. Private
B. Hybrid
C. Public
D. Community
D
Which of the following implements two-factor authentication?
A. A phone system requiring a PIN to make a call
B. An ATM requiring a credit card and PIN
C. A computer requiring username and password
D. A datacenter mantrap requiring fingerprint and iris scan
B
A company is terminating an employee for misbehavior. Which of the following steps is MOST important in the
process of disengagement from this employee?
A. Obtain a list of passwords used by the employee.
B. Generate a report on outstanding projects the employee handled
C. Have the employee surrender company identification.
D. Have the employee sign an NDA before departing
C
A penetration tester is crawling a target website that is available to the public. Which of the following represents
the actions the penetration tester is performing?
A. URL hijacking
B. Reconnaissance
C. White box testing
D. Escalation of privilege
B
When systems, hardware, or software are not supported by the original vendor, it is a vulnerability known as:
A. system sprawl.
B. end-of-life systems
C. resource exhaustion
D. a default configuration
B
An organization’s internal auditor discovers that large sums of money have recently been paid to a vendor that
management does not recognize. The IT security department is asked to investigate the organization’s ERP
system to determine how the accounts payable module has been used to make these vendor payments.
The IT security department finds the following security configuration for the accounts payable module:
Which of the following changes to the security configuration of the accounts payable module would BEST
mitigate this risk?
A.
B.
C.
D.
A. Option A
B. Option B
C. Option C
D. Option D
A
As part of a new industry regulation, companies are required to utilize secure, standardized OS settings. A
technician must ensure the OS settings are hardened. Which of the following is the BEST way to do this?
A. Use a vulnerability scanner.
B. Use a configuration compliance scanner.
C. Use a passive, in-line scanner.
D. Use a protocol analyzer.
B
Joe, an employee, wants to show his colleagues how much he knows about smartphones. Joe demonstrates a
free movie application that he installed from a third party on his corporate smartphone. Joe’s colleagues were
unable to find the application in the app stores. Which of the following allowed Joe to install the application?
(Select TWO).
A. Near-field communication B. Rooting/jailbreaking C. Ad-hoc connections D. Tethering E. Sideloading
BE
A company’s user lockout policy is enabled after five unsuccessful login attempts. The help desk notices a user
is repeatedly locked out over the course of a workweek. Upon contacting the user, the help desk discovers the
user is on vacation and does not have network access. Which of the following types of attacks are MOST likely
occurring? (Select TWO)
A. Replay B. Rainbow tables C. Brute force D. Pass the hash E. Dictionary
CE
When configuring settings in a mandatory access control environment, which of the following specifies the
subjects that can access specific data objects?
A. Owner
B. System
C. Administrator
D. User
A
server:
Process DEP Local Address Rem
MySQL NO 127.0.0.1 127
Apache NO 0.0.0.0
LSASS YES 0.0.0.0
Given the above information, which of the following processes was MOST likely exploited via a remote buffer
overflow attack?
A. Apache
B. LSASS
C. MySQL
D. TFTP
C
A user clicked an email link that led to a website that infected the workstation with a virus. The virus encrypted
all the network shares to which the user had access. The virus was not detected or blocked by the company’s
email filter, website filter, or antivirus. Which of the following describes what occurred?
A. The WAP failed
B. Improper error handling triggered a false negative in all three controls B.
C. The email originated from a private email server with no malware protection
D. The virus was a zero-day attack
D
Which of the following security controls does an iris scanner provide?
A. Logical B. Administrative C. Corrective D. Physical E. Detective F. Deterrent
D
Which of the following network vulnerability scan indicators BEST validates a successful, active scan?
A. The scan job is scheduled to run during off-peak hours.
B. The scan output lists SQL injection attack vectors.
C. The scan data identifies the use of privileged-user credentials
D. The scan results identify the hostname and IP address
B
Despite having implemented password policies, users continue to set the same weak passwords and reuse old
passwords. Which of the following technical controls would help prevent these policy violations? (Select TWO).
A. Password expiration B. Password length C. Password complexity D. Password history E. Password lockout
AD
Users report the following message appears when browsing to the company’s secure site:
This website cannot be trusted. Which of the following actions should a security analyst take to resolve these
messages? (Select TWO).
A. Verify the certificate has not expired on the server.
B. Ensure the certificate has a .pfx extension on the server.
C. Update the root certificate into the client computer certificate store.
D. Install the updated private key on the web server.
E. Have users clear their browsing history and relaunch the session.
AC
A company hires a consulting firm to crawl its Active Directory network with a non-domain account looking for
unpatched systems. Actively taking control of systems is out of scope, as is the creation of new administrator
accounts. For which of the following is the company hiring the consulting firm?
A. Vulnerability scanning
B. Penetration testing
C. Application fuzzing
D. User permission
A
Two users need to send each other emails over unsecured channels. The system should support the principle
of non-repudiation. Winch of the following should be used to sign the users’ certificates?
A. CA
B. CRL
C. CSR
D. Sender’s Private key
A
Multiple employees receive an email with a malicious attachment that begins to encrypt their hard drives and
mapped shares on their devices when it is opened. The network and security teams perform the following
actions:
*Shut down all network shares.
*Run an email search identifying all employees who received the malicious message.
*Reimage all devices belonging to users who opened the attachment.
Next, the teams want to re-enable the network shares. Which of the following BEST describes this phase of the
incident response process?
A. Eradication
B. Containment
C. Recovery
D. Lessons learned
C
Malicious traffic from an internal network has been detected on an unauthorized port on an application server.
Which of the following network-based security controls should the engineer consider implementing?
A. ACLs
B. HIPS
C. NAT
D. MAC filtering
D
A company wants to host a publicly available server that performs the following functions:
· Evaluates MX record lookup
· Can perform authenticated requests for A and AAA records
· Uses RRSIG
Which of the following should the company use to fulfill the above requirements?
A. DNSSEC
B. SFTP
C. nslookup
D. dig
A
Which of the following attack types BEST describes a client-side attack that is used to mandate an HTML
iframe with JavaScript code via web browser?
A. MITM
B. XSS
C. SQL Injection
D. XSRF
B
A company has a data classification system with definitions for “Private” and public.” The company’s security
policy outlines how data should be protected based on type. The company recently added the data type
“Proprietary” Which of the following is the MOST likely reason the company added this data type?
A. Reduced cost
B. More searchable data
C. Better data classification
D. Expanded authority of the privacy officer
B
A security analyst is reviewing the following output from an IPS:
EXPLOIT IGMP IGAP MESSAGE OVERFLOW
250.19.18.71 -> 250.19.18.2
Given this output, which of the following can be concluded? (Select TWO).
A. The source IP of the attack is coming from 250.19 18.22.
B. The source IP of the attack is coming from 250 19.18 71.
C. The attacker sent a malformed IGMP packet, triggering the alert.
D. The attacker sent a malformed TCP packet, triggering the alert.
E. The TTL value is outside of the expected range, triggering the alert.
BC
An organization finds that most help desk calls are regarding account lockout due to a variety of applications
running on different systems. Manager is looking for a solution to reduce the number of account lockouts while
improving security. Which of the following is the BEST solution for this organization?
A. Create multiple application accounts for each user.
B. Provide secure tokens.
C. Implement SSO.
D. Utilize role-based access control.
C
When trying to log onto a company’s new ticketing system, some employees receive the following message:
Access denied: too many concurrent sessions. The ticketing system was recently installed on a small VM with
only the recommended hardware specifications. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause for this error
message?
A. Network resources have been exceeded.
B. The software is out of licenses.
C. The VM does not have enough processing power.
D. The firewall is misconfigured.
B
A network administrator at a small office wants to simplify the configuration of mobile clients connecting to an encrypted wireless network. Which of the following should be implemented if the administrator does not want to
provide the wireless password or certificate to the employees?
A. B. 802.1x
B. WPS
C. WPA2-PSK
D. TKIP
B
A company is developing a new secure technology and requires computers being used for
development to be isolated. Which of the following should be implemented to provide the MOST secure
environment?
A. A perimeter firewall and IDS B. An air gapped compiler network C. A honeypot residing in a DMZ D. An ad hoc network with NAT E. A bastion host
B
Which of the following explains why vendors publish MD5 values when they provide software patches for their
customers to download over the Internet?
A. The recipient can verify integrity of the software patch.
B. The recipient can verify the authenticity of the site used to download the patch.
C. The recipient can request future updates to the software using the published MD5 value.
D. The recipient can successfully activate the new software patch.
A
Refer to the following code:
Public class window {
public static void main (string
object blue = null;
blue.hashcode();}
}
Which of the following vulnerabilities would occur if this is executed?
A. Page exception
B. Pointer dereference
C. NullPointerException
D. Missing null check
D
A database backup schedule consists of weekly full backups performed on Saturday at
12:00 a.m. and daily differential backups also performed at 12:00 a.m. If the database is restored on Tuesday
afternoon, which of the following is the number of individual backups that would need to be applied to complete
the database recovery?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
B
Which of the following technologies employ the use of SAML? (Select TWO).
A. Single sign-on B. Federation C. LDAP D. Secure token E. RADIUS
AB
An organization is using a tool to perform a source code review. Which of the following describes the case in
which the tool incorrectly identifies the vulnerability?
A. False negative
B. True negative
C. False positive
D. True positive
C
In a corporation where compute utilization spikes several times a year, the Chief Information Officer (CIO) has
requested a cost-effective architecture to handle the variable capacity demand. Which of the following
characteristics BEST describes what the CIO has requested?
A. Elasticity
B. Scalability
C. High availability
D. Redundancy
A
