sections 1-2 Flashcards
the renaissance
transition from medieval to early modern times
jacob burckhardt
humanism
heart of the renaissance; used the part as a model for the present and future/virtu/elevation/cultivation
francesco petrarca
“father of humanism”
pico della mirandolla
oration on the dignity of man
renaissance man
developed abilities everywhere; revival of virtú “dynamic resourcfulness”
6 major powers?
- papal states
- republic of florence
- duchy of milan
- republic of genoa
- kingdom of naples and sicily
why value wealth, education, achievement and art?
to elevate living
florence
center of italian renaissance -> center of trade
republic of florence
produced an amazing number of gifted poets, artists, architects, scholars, and scientists
medici family
“run” the city; usury; against the church
usury
getting money without doing work (interest)
patronage
sponsor monasteries/ buildings/art
pazzi family
want to take down medicis with support of the pope; asassinates them during mass
piero medici
not good leader; 1494-95
savonorola
monk who tells everyone the world will end unless they repent and follow him; wins people
“bonfire of the vanities”
burn all material wealth because it causes sin
gattamelata, donatello
made by donatello
one david, two sculptures
marble made by michealangelo, bronze made by donatello
venus of urbino
made by titian; venus of the town, urbino, because of her beauty and love
school of athens
made by raphael; fresco painting, in rome, aristotle and plato in center
rape of lucretias
made by titian; oil and canvas, realism
flipping brunelleschi
3rd largest church in the world, asymmetrical
northern renaissance
contrast to the italian, began in flanders and spreads to spain, france, germany, and england, intense realism, honesty, and true portrayal in the art
jan van eyck
painted townspeople in rich, realistic detail
the arnlofini portrait
man is a merchant, fur, colors, oranges, clothing, bed, chandelier, rosary; amber, mirror
the census at bethlehem
made by pieter bruegel; vibrant colors portraying winter/peasant life, influenced later artists, takes a religious scene and connect it to present time
landscape with the fall of icarus
made by pieter bruegel
albrecht dürer
known for wood-cut prints etchings; master engraver, helped spread the renaissance to germany, the “german leonardo”
the printing revolution
printed books; cheaper and easier to produce, more knowledge, easily obtainable
johann gutenberg
printed the bible; created printing press
northern humanists
like italian counterparts, stressed education and moral reforms
erasmus
calls for church reform, translation of bible into vernacular, criticism of church “seed” for reformation
more
neeed for social and moral reform, satire of utopian society, friend of henry VIII ->refused to recognize him as the head of the new church
utopia
greek for no where place (cant exist)
machiavelli
tortured and thrown out when caught up in scandal against medici, literary figure, florentine diplomat
the prince
guided on gaining and maintaining power, dedicated to medici family
casare borgia
ruthless military and politician, son of alex VI
cervantes
spanish author who wrote don quixote, which mocks romantic notions about medieval chivalry
shakespeare
english poet who was the towering figure of renaissance literature, wrote 37 plays that are still preformed around the world, his love of words vastly enriched the english language
rabelais
french humanist, monk, physician, greek scholar, and author, offered opinions on religion, education, and other subjects in gargantua and pantagruel
the arnolfini portrait
made by jan van eyck
