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Anatomy 2320 > Section Two anatomy test > Flashcards

Section Two anatomy test Flashcards

1
Q

Cranial bones and facial bones

A

parietal bone, sutural bone, occipital bone, temporal bone, frontal bone, sphenoid bone, ethmoid bone

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2
Q

plus facial bones

A

Nasal, lacrimal, maxilla, zygomatic, vomer, mandible

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3
Q

Bones that make up the orbital socket

A

Sphenoid.
Frontal.
Zygomatic.
Ethmoid.
Lacrimal.
Maxilla.
Palatine.

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4
Q

male skull

A

more square chin, arch on eye, more of a 90 degree on, mandibular angle

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5
Q

female skull

A

More triangular chin, no Arch over eye, more round frontal bone, more than 90° angle on angle of mandible

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6
Q

Parts of vertebrae

A

7 cervical(neck) 12 thoracic(chest) 5 lumbar(lower back)

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7
Q

Difference between Atlas and axis

A

Atlas: right under head, makes a joint

Axis: the 2nd bone

Fits together with the superior articular faucet

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8
Q

True ribs

A

1-7
Directly connected to the sternum with hyaline cartilage

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9
Q

false ribs

A

8-12
not Directly connected to the sternum with hyaline cartilage

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10
Q

what joints the ribs to the sternum

A

hyaline cartilage

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11
Q

where do ribs articulate with the vertebra

A

with the thoracic vertabrea

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12
Q

floating ribs

A

11-12
do not articulate with the sternum

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13
Q

bones of the pectoral girdle

A

clavicle and scapula

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14
Q

bones of the upper limbs

A

Humorous, radius and unla, the 8 carpal bones in the wrist, 5 metacarpals in Palm, 14 phalanges in fingers

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15
Q

Major processes of upper limbs

A

Neck, greater tubercle, deltoid tuberosity(connects to deloitd), condyles, spine

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16
Q

Bones of the pelvic girdle and lower limbs

A

sacrum the coccyx and hip bones(ilium)

Humerus patella fibula fibula tarsals calcaneus phalanges

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17
Q

sex diffreces in pelvis

A

Male: more squared

Female: more round

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18
Q

all the S words and what they do.

A

Synovial: holds fluid,
suture: Stitches the skull,
Symphysis: fibrocartilage it is in the pubis and intervertebral disc,
Synarthrosis: Boars together no movement,
synchondrosis: Chondrocytes,
syndesmosis: 2 bones

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19
Q

Types of synovial joints

A

Plane joints; on the axial side to side movement wrist at radial / ulnar carpal joint

Hinge joint unaxial like hinge of a door elbow

Pivot joints unaxial one bone rotates on its longitudinal axis Atlas axis of vertebrae

condylar joints by axial oval concave surface of one bone convex of other metacarpal phalange joint

Saddle joints biaxial joint surface resemble saddle shape thumb carpal metacarpal joint

Ball and socket joints multi axial spherical head into cuplike socket hip and shoulder

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20
Q

Extra features of the knee joint

A

Meniscus cruciate ligaments collateral ligaments

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21
Q

What is a burse

A

sacs outside most synovial joints where ligaments muscles tendons or bones rub contain synovial fluid

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22
Q

all movements

A

Gliding mono axial Sternal clavicial joint, acromial clavicle joints, vertebrate costal joints

Angular motion flexion extension abduction adduction

Rotational motion pronate supinate

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23
Q

Parts of the muscles and the muscle cell

A

sarcolemma: plasma membrane

Sarcoplasm :cytoplasm

Sarcoplasmic: reticulum smooth ER stores calcium ++

Sarcomere: The Contracting unit of the muscle fiber each myofibril has a string of sarcomere which it shortened to cause contraction in the muscle

24
Q

Membranes around the muscle bundle fascicle and cell

A

perimysium(fascicle), epimysium(muscle), endomysium(muscle fiber and cell)

25
Q

Properties of muscle cells and functional property

A

All muscle tissues exhibit:
Excitability: ability to respond to stimuli
Conductivity: ability to transmit electrical events along the cell membrane
Contractility: ability to generate tension and shorten cell length
Elasticity: ability to return to resting length after shortening or lengthening
Extensibility: ability to be stretched beyond resting length

26
Q

parts of myofibrils, names of proteins

A

Complex cylindrical organelles

Myosin actin tropomyosin troponin

27
Q

What are the parts of a sarcomere

A

Z line Thin and Thick filament

28
Q

What are the steps of contraction 1-10

A

1.An electrical impulse travels down a nerve fiber

  1. The nerve impulse reaches the end of the nerve and causes it to release acetylcholine (Ach)
  2. Ach binds to receptors on the muscle cell membrane and causes the electrical impulse to be transmitted to the muscle cell
  3. The electrical impulse inside the muscle cell causes the release of calcium ions from the Sarcoplasmic reticulum
  4. Calcium ions bind to troponin causing it to rotate
  5. Rotation of troponin move tropomyosin off of the myosin binding site
    on actin

7 .The myosin head binds the myosin binding domain of actin

  1. Myosin bends in two places, releasing ADP and pulling on the thin filament
  2. The Z-lines are pulled closer together and the A-band shrinks
  3. The myofibril gets shorter (contracts)
29
Q

Parts of the neuromuscular Junction what is the neurotransmitter

A

Action potential electrical impulse travels down nerve fiber,

ach is released from the end of the nerve,

ACH binds to receptor protein on muscle cell,

action potential is generated inside muscle cell,

ca2 plus is released from sarcoplasmic reticulum

30
Q

what is a moter unit?

A

it is a neuron

31
Q

Names of muscle for facial expression

A

Depressor anguli oris

orbicularis oculi

zygomaticus major

Obicularis oris

frontal belly

platysma

32
Q

Names of muscles for mastication their motions

A

Temporalis, Elevates and retracts mandible

masseter, elevates and protracts mandible prime mover of jaw closure

Media pterygoid, elevates and protracts mandible produces side to side movement of mandible

lateral pterygoid protracts mandible produces side to side movement

33
Q

Muscles for eye movement

A

Medial rectus
lateral rectus
inferior rectus
superior rectus
inferior oblique
Superior oblique

34
Q

Muscles that roate the neck

A

Sternoclinodomastoid

splenius captives and cervicis

Scalene muscle

35
Q

neck muscles that laterally flexions

A

Scalene muscles
splenius captives and cervicis
Sternoclinodomastoid

36
Q

Abdominal muscles

A

Rectus abdominis

external oblique

internal oblique

transverse abdominis

37
Q

Motion at the glenohumeral joint muscles for abduction

A

Deltoid supraspinatus

38
Q

Motion at the glenohumeral joint muscles for Adduction

A

latissimus dorsi and pectoralis major

39
Q

Motion at the glenohumeral joint muscles for Extension

A

Latissimus dorsi and deltoid(posterior fibers)

40
Q

Motion at the glenohumeral joint muscles for Flexion

A

Pectoralis major and deltoid( anterior fibers)

41
Q

Motion at the glenohumeral joint muscles for lateral rotation

A

Infraspinatus and teres minor

42
Q

Motion at the glenohumeral joint muscles for medial rotation

A

Subscapularis deltoid( anterior fibers)

43
Q

muscle Moments at the scapula protraction

A

serratus anterior, pectoralis major, and pectoralis minor muscles.

44
Q

muscle Moments at the scapula Retraction

A

trapezius, rhomboids, and latissimus dorsi muscles

45
Q

muscle Moments at the scapula Elevation

A

trapezius, levator scapulae, and rhomboid muscles

46
Q

muscle Moments at the scapula depression

A

latissimus dorsi, serratus anterior, pectoralis major and minor, and the trapezius muscles

47
Q

Rotator cuff muscles

A

Subscapularis supraspinatus infraspinatus teres minor

48
Q

Muscles for pronation and supination

A

Pronator teres
Pronator quadratus

Supinator

49
Q

Muscles for flexion and extension of the elbow

A

E: Triceps brachii and anconeus

F: Biceps brachii brachialis rachioradialis

50
Q
A
51
Q

Forearm muscles superficial layer

A

Superficial layer:
Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor digitorum
Extensor digiti minimized Extensor carpi ulnaris

52
Q

Forearm muscles deep

A

Deep layer:
Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis Extensor pollicis longus Extensor indicis Supinator

53
Q

Muscles for hip lateral rotation

A

Abductor Mangus gluteus maximus Sartorius obturator externus obturator internus piriformis, Superior Glemellus, inferior Glemellus quadrtatus femoris
iliotibial tract

54
Q

Muscles for knee flexion and extension

A

F: Sartorius biceps femoris semi-membernosis Semicentenosis

E: Quadriceps femoris, rectus, vastus lateralis, vastus intermediatis, vastus medialis,

55
Q

Muscles for Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion

A

D:Tibialis anterior

P:Gastrocinemias, soleus, fibularis longus, plantaris

56
Q

What is it called when one nerve impulse arrives at One muscle fiber

A

TWITCH

Anatomy 2320 (2 decks)

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