Section One-Imperial and Colonial Policy- India&Britain's Imperial and Colonial Policy

Question 1

Why did the East India Company come to an end?

Answer 1

It became aggressively expansionist, and so provoked the Indian Mutiny of 1857

Question 2

What occurred in the Indian Mutiny?

Answer 2

Indian Sepoys took control of many Northern cities, 200 British women and children killed at Cawnpore, 70,000 troops sent to india and brutal revenge given

Question 3

What did the British do to the Mutineers?

Answer 3

They were sewn into pig skins, blown from barrels of cannons, forced to lick blood of comrades

Question 4

What was the Government of India Act 1858?

Answer 4

• The rule of British East India Company was abolished and the government of India was directly taken over by the crown
• Court of Directors and Board of Control abolished and India Council and SoS for India replaced them
• Viceroy appointed to replace Company’s Governor-General

Question 5

When did Queen Victoria become Empress of India?

Answer 5

On January 1st, 1877

Question 6

How were the Indians treated after the mutiny?

Answer 6

Greater respect was shown for traditional Indian practices and customs- Christian missionaries were actively discouraged

Question 7

How did Britain strengthen its defence in India?

Answer 7

• Proportion of British to Indian troops raised to a ratio of roughly 1:2
• Army from 40,000 to 70,000 and 125,000 Native Indian Troops
• The regiments of native Indian troops were trained and stationed in their own districts and cut off from one another to prevent sense of unity
• 3000 miles of track were added in dHow did the offices grow?ecade follow mutiny. Enabling swifter deployment of troops in event of trouble

Question 8

How were governors appointed?

Answer 8

Governors were appointed by powerful people and only got their job due to someone higher up

Question 9

How did the offices grow?

Answer 9

Colonial office- Continued to have responsibility for empire

Foreign office- Responsibilities grew as newly acquired African protectorates placed under its jurisdiction

Indian office- Also expande

Question 10

What was the administration of India like?

Answer 10

• Officials enjoyed unrestrained control
• Divide and rule policy
• Provincial councils ensured British dominance
• Economic and social development

Question 11

What undermined British control during these years?

Answer 11

• Indian National Congress becoming increasingly critical (e.g. Taxes)
• Social and humanitarian groups
• Servants of Indian society

showed more pressure due to protests coming down from lower class