Section I Passive Transport Flashcards
There is no net movement when there is
Equilibrium
What is plasmolysis
When turgor press is lost, the plant wilts and the cell shrinks
The net direction of water molecule movement in osmosis is dependent on
Concentration of water
Solute dissolved in solution
What 3 things does the ability of a molecule to go through a membrane depend on
Size of molecule
Type of molecule (polar, nonpolar)
Molecule structure of the membrane
What is a concentration gradient
Difference in concentration of the substances
What is passive transport
Movement across the membrane that does not require energy
What are contractile vacuoles
Specialized structures that remove water
Hypotonic
- outside of the cell:
- inside of the cell:
- effect on the cell:
Low solute, high solvent
High solute, low solvent
Cell swells
Isotonic
- outside of the cell:
- inside of the cell:
- effect on the cell:
Same solute and solvent
Same solute and solvent
Cell stays the same
Facilitated diffusion uses
Carrier proteins
Ion channels are either ___ or ___
Opened or closed
In a concentration gradient the substances are separated by a
Membrane
The condition where the gradient disappears
Equilibrium
What are ion channels
Transport proteins that allow ions to pass through the cell membrane
Movement of water from an area of high concentration to a lower concentration
Osmosis
The movement of water is plant cells can cause
Turgor pressure
Hypertonic
- outside of the cell:
- inside of the cell:
- effect on the cell:
High solute, low solvent
Low solute, high solvent
Cell shrinks
Carrier proteins speed up
Diffusion
In passive transport the movement is based on
Presence of concentration gradient
Animal cells do not have
Turgor pressure
What happens to a plant cell when placed in distiller water
Cell stiffens but generally retains shape
What happens when a plant cell is placed in salt water
Cell body shrinks and pulls away from the cell wall
Why is it bad for a single celled organism to live in a hypotonic environment
If it doesn’t control the intake of water, it will die
In diffusion across a membrane, cell membranes have the ability to
Control what passes through them
What are the three types of solutions
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Isotonic
What is turgor pressure
When the plant becomes rigid due to water pressure inside the cell
What is cystic fibrosis and example of
Cellular transport
Carrier proteins are specific to
What they will transport across the membrane
What is cytolysis
Bursting of the cell
Process by which substances move from an area of high concentrations to an area of lower concentration
Diffusion
Closed channels will respond to different ___ to allow things to
Stimuli
Pass through them
What is the net movement in an isotonic solution
There is none
It’s an equilibrium
Carrier proteins are
Passive
