Section B - Measurement and Evaluation Of S and P

Question 1

Advantages and disadvantages of Isometric testing?

Answer 1

Adv-
Easily performed 
Muscle group isolation
Accurate and Reliable 
High level of control 
Scientific analysis & collection of accurate & reliable EMG data
Normative data comparisons 
Dis Adv-
Static 
Specific joint position strength
Little resemblance to the dynamic nature of most sporting activities 
Difficult to elicit an MVC

Question 2

Advantages and disadvantages of Isokinetic testing?

Answer 2

Adv-
Maximal loading through the whole range of motion
Muscle group isolation
Objective reproducible and easily quantifiable
Avail of normative data
Safety
Did adv-
Time consuming
Low external validity (not sport specific)
Not real movement
Costly
Ass of single isolated joints
Cannot match velocities used during dynamic movements

Question 3

Advantages and disadvantages of Isotonic/Iso-inertial testing?

Answer 3

Adv- 
High validity = measure strength 
High specificity
Minimal equipment required
Easy to control & convenient 
Easy to communicate 
Dis adv- 
Resistance equal to the amount of torque developed at weakest joint pos.
No scientific analysis quantification 
Momentum key factor 
Issues with accuracy / reliability 
Unsafe for joints / DOMS

Question 4

The conditions governing specificity?

Answer 4

Type of muscle action 
Type of movement
- open vs closed kinetic chain
- complexity : bilateral/ unilateral use of limbs (deficit vs facilitation)
- ballistic vs non ballistic
Velocity of movement 
Posture
Joint position/Range of motion
Energy systems

Question 5

What are the general testing considerations?

Answer 5

Safety
The population(age, gender, training status)
- older indv : more prep time
- gender
Familiarisation ( 2+ sessions)
Environmental factors 
- conditions 
- motivation 
Available equip
Time available for testing, recovery and analysis
- progression?
- transfer to functional perf?

Question 6

ISO-inertial muscle action?

Answer 6

Constant gravitational load

Question 7

Isotonic muscle action?

Answer 7

Constant tension (tension not constant throughout)

Question 8

Isokinetic muscle action

Answer 8

Assessments involve measure of torque and power through a range of motion in which limb is not moving at constant angular velocity

Question 9

Isometric muscle action

Answer 9

Constant length of muscle

Lab based tests = more objective assessment