Section B-E: Short Answer Questions Flashcards
List one reason why fire is so crucial for the maintenance of natural growth cycles in boreal forest (1 mark).
Heat from fire opens cones, releasing seeds for regeneration.
Helps maintain forest biodiversity and natural growth cycles.
What is ‘silviculture’? (1 mark)
the practice of managing and cultivating forests to enhance their health, productivity, and biodiversity. It involves activities like planting, thinning, and harvesting trees to meet specific ecological, economic, and social objectives.
Explain ‘subsistence agriculture’? (1 mark)
a farming system in which crops and livestock are grown mainly for the farmer’s own consumption, rather than for sale or trade.
The focus is on producing enough food to meet the basic needs of the household or community.
Give one example of a ‘green technology’. (1 mark)
solar panels
What is ‘clear cutting’? (1 mark)
a logging practice where all or most of the trees in a specific area are removed in one operation, leaving the land largely bare.
This method is often used for timber production but can lead to environmental concerns like habitat destruction and soil erosion.
Explain ‘Tragedy of the Commons’. (2 marks)
Garrett Hardin in 1968, describing a situation where individuals, acting in their own self-interest, overuse and deplete a shared resource, ultimately harming the long-term sustainability of that resource.
Shared resources, like a public pasture or fishery, are available for everyone to use.
Define ‘ex-situ’ conservation (1 mark). Give an
example from lecture (1 mark).
Ex-situ conservation refers to the conservation of species outside their natural habitats, typically in controlled environments like zoos, botanical gardens, or seed banks.
Example: Storing seeds in seed to preserve plant species for future regeneration and restoration.
List two (2) drawbacks of aquaculture (2 marks).
Environmental Pollution
Disease and Parasite Spread
Overuse of Wild Fish for Feed
List two characteristics of temperate forests (2 marks).
Deciduous Tree
Four Distinct Seasons
Rich Soil
25-50°C
List three (3) sectors of Canada’s economy that
consume energy (3 marks).
Transportation (cars, trucks, planes)
Residential (homes)
Commercial (businesses)
Industrial (mining, construction industries)
Name three (3) reasons why the atmosphere is important to the Earth (3 marks)
Protects from Harmful Solar Radiation
Regulates Temperature
Provides Oxygen and Carbon Dioxid
Climate Regulation
Identify three (3) threats to biodiversity (3 marks).
Pollution
Climate Change
Habitat Destruction
Explain the ‘greenhouse effect’. Give three (3) points.
Solar Radiation
Heat Retention
Warming the Earth
Positive Feedback Loops
List four (4) points about the ‘falldown effect’ (4 marks).
Wealth Distribution
Economic Growth
Quality of Life
Short+Long Term Growth
Globalization
Name four (4) causes of deforestation (4 marks).
Logging
Urbanization
Agricultural
Farming
Mining
Explain conservation (2 marks) and preservation (2 marks).
Conservation refers to the sustainable management and use of natural resources to ensure they are available for future generations. It involves protecting ecosystems, species, and habitats while allowing for human use in a way that does not deplete or damage the environment.
Preservation involves protecting nature from human interference, ensuring that natural environments and species remain untouched and unmodified. The goal of preservation is to maintain ecosystems in their natural state, often through the creation of protected areas like national parks or nature reserves, where human activity is strictly limited or prohibited.
Name four (4) ways consumers can decrease waste generation
Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle (R,R,R)
Buy in Bulk
Composting
Eco-friendly business
List four (4) ways habitats are altered due to human activities. (4 marks)
Pollution
Climate Change
Urbanization
Deforestation
In-Situ Conservatives
Conserving animals and plants in their natural habits is in-situ conservation
Examples:
- protected areas
- national parks
-biosphere reserves
