Section B Flashcards
What are the 3 types of timber?
Hardwood
Softwood
Manufactured boards
Give 3 examples of manufactured board materials?
Chip board
MDF
Plywood
Give 5 aesthetic methods that alter the way a timber looks?
Staining
Varnishing
Oiling
Waxing
Painting
Why is hardwood more expensive than softwood?
As it grows considerably slower therefore damaging the environment with imbalanced rate of replacement whereas softwoods are a fast-growing tree
What is a method of material costing?
Price ber metre cubed (by volume)
Give 5 forces that can act on a material?
Tension
Compression
Bending
Torsion
Shear
What is kerfing?
Process in which timber is bent to a certain shape after being exposed to water or steam to increase flexibility as it has good tensile strength and is less prone to bending
What are alternative boards made from recycled timber to help reduce deforestation?
Plywood
MDF
Chipboard
Blockboard
Name the 6R’s?
Reduce
Reuse
Recycle
Rethink
Refuse
Repair
Give 3 examples of hardwoods and how long they take to grow?
Around 60 years
Ash
Oak
Beech
Give 3 examples of softwoods and how long they take to grow?
Half the time around 30 years
Larch
Pine
Spruce
What does FSC stand for?
Forest Stewardship Council - promotes responsible forest management
What hardwood is often used in children’s toys and why?
Beech - hard wearing timber
What manufactured board is often used in flat-pack furniture?
Chipboard - bound together with resin and is dense and flat and can be normally covered with a polymer laminate to promote aesthetics
What are hardwoods and softwoods normally sold as in lengths as?
Planks
Boards
Mouldings (Skirting Boards)
What are the 3 types of cuts?
Rough cut - Often sold in DIY shops can often be bought with smooth, planed edges
Planed Square Edge - One edge will be planed smooth
Planed All Round - Indicates timber is planed all round meaning both edges and sides have been planed (smoothed)
What is a venner?
Thin sheet of timber usually from expensive hardwood, often used to cover cheaper material e.g. MDF
What are the four terms that describe scales of production?
Prototypes
Batch Production
Mass Production
Continuous Production
What is prototypes/one-off production?
Custom or bespoke product made from timber can be rough models or function as intended and are well finished
What is Batch Production?
Where many items of same product are produced, jigs can be used to speed up process, making a specific quantity, can be done by hand
What is mass production?
Products are manufactured in large volumes, thousands, often on assembly lines. all products are not identical
What is continuous production?
Takes place 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year, often stock sizes of timber and paper can be produced using continuous production, highly automated machinery
Give 2 tools used to mark out timber?
Pencil
Marking knife
Give 5 tools used to measure lengths and angle in timber industry?
Try square
Ruler
Mitre Square
Marking gauge
Sliding bevel
Give 3 tools used to cut timber?
Rip saw
Coping saws
Tenon saws
What are the 2 types of drill bits?
Twist drill - simply drill a hole with a certain diameter
Countersink bit - profile a hole for top of screw can sit flush with surface
What are the 3 skills needed to shape timber?
Chiselling
Planing
Sanding
What are the 2 commercial timber processes?
Routing
Turning
What is routing?
Rotating sharp cutting bit, ensure a profiled shape is made, hand held - table, CNC (computer numerical controlled)
What is turning?
Lathe works by spinning piece of timer at speed while using wood turning tool to push into amber and change its shape, can also be secured to a face plate for a desired bowl shape
What is a digital vernier caliper used for?
Measure accurately timber and allow a tolerance as timber can change dependant on wetness in different seasons
What are 4 surface treatments/finishes for timber?
Painted timber
Stained timber
Waxed/oiled timber
Varnished timber
