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Marion Junior Horsebowl > Section A: Nutrition and Feed > Flashcards

Section A: Nutrition and Feed Flashcards

1
Q

How much water will a 1,000 pound horse drink per day

A

6 - 12 gallons per day

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2
Q

In extremely cold weather, which will produce more body heat when eaten, hay or grain?

A

Hay produces more heat

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3
Q

What are the 2 basic classifications of forages?

A

Legumes & grasses

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4
Q

What is the most important factor affecting the quality of a forage at the time of harvesting?

A

Stage of maturity

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5
Q

What is the most common method used to process forages?

A

Baling

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6
Q

What is the oldest & most common method of selecting hay?

A

Visual appraisal

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7
Q

What is the most economical source of supplemental protein?

A

Soybean meal

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8
Q

What are the 2 most important dietary energy components in feeds?

A

Fats & carbohydrates

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9
Q

What is the most commonly cubed forage?

A

Alfalfa

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10
Q

What is the device used to collect samples for analysis in baled hay?

A

Bale probe or bale core

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11
Q

What is the deficient amino acid in hays & grains?

A

Lysine

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12
Q

Typically horses receive nutrients for what 3 general sources?

A

Hay, pastures & grains

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13
Q

Which feed is used extensively in diets for horses that have respiratory problems such as heaves?

A

Beet pulp

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14
Q

What is probably the simplest & least expensive dry method of processing grains?

A

Grinding

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15
Q

Which nutrients are usually considered to be the body’s fuel?

A

Energy nutrients (carbohydrates & fats)

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16
Q

Describe the color of a good quality hay.

A

Bright, leafy green

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17
Q

Where is most of the nutrient value found in hays?

A

Leaves

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18
Q

What is the most readily available grain in most sections of the country?

A

Corn

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19
Q

What type of hay is the best hay for horses?

A

Good quality grass-legume mixed hay

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20
Q

Which hays tend to be the least dusty?

A

Good grass hay

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21
Q

What are the 2 basic types of forages?

A

Grasses & legumes

22
Q

Name the 2 minerals that the horse relies most heavily on for bone formation.

A

Calcium & phosphorus

23
Q

Name the 2 basic classifications of forages.

A

Legumes & grasses

24
Q

Name 2 ways that barley & milo should be processed before using them in a horse feed.

A

Crimped or rolled (milo can also be ground)

25
Q

Pelleting hay can reduce the storage space requirements by how much?

A

Up to 75%

26
Q

How much more digestible energy is contained in grains than in hays?

A

Grains have 50 - 60% more

27
Q

Which nutrient plays an important role in physiology of performance horses & is essential for fluid
balance, nerve & muscle functions & acid-base balance?

A

Minerals

28
Q

Lysine is a type of what nutrient?

A

Protein (amino acid)

29
Q

Name 2 disadvantages of feeding straight oats for grain.

A

Cost per unit of energy & variations in quality

30
Q

Which feed by-product is made by drying the residual beet chips after the sugar has been extracted?

A

Beet pulp

31
Q

If you put extruded & pelleted feed each in a separate container of equal volume, which would weigh
more?

A

Pelleted feeds may weigh twice as much as extruded feeds

32
Q

In feeding management, what is the wicking effect?

A

Uptake of ground moisture into a bale of hay

33
Q

What nutrients are harder for an older horse to digest?

A

Proteins, phosphorus, fiber

34
Q

What are 5 forms of harvested forages?

A

Square bales, round bales, hay cubes, chopped hay, pelleted hay & silage

35
Q

How can the likelihood of blister beetle poisoning be reduced when feeding alfalfa hay from the
southwest?

A

Feed early season first cutting alfalfa

36
Q

How many mineral elements are required in diets of horses?

A

21

37
Q

What percent of protein should be in a suckling foal’s creep feed?

A

16 - 18% protein

38
Q

How much concentrate can be fed at one time?

A

Never more than 0.75% of the horse’s body weight

39
Q

What is quidding?

A

Dropping partially chewed feed from the mouth

40
Q

Which nutrient is commonly involved as co-factors for the enzymes that convert fat & carbohydrates
into energy?

A

Vitamins

41
Q

Feral & other free-ranging horses will spend how long grazing per day in good forage?

A

10 - 12 hours

42
Q

What is the form of stored fuel for exercise of high intensity & short duration?

A

Glycogen

43
Q

What is the primary site for digestion & absorption of fats?

A

Small intestines

44
Q

What is the average weight of a small bale of hay?

A

40 - 80 pounds

45
Q

What is the maximum amount of concentrates that should be fed at any one feeding?

A

No more than .75% of horse’s body weight

46
Q

How many different minerals are required in the diet of horses & what are the 2 classifications of
them?

A

21 different minerals classified as micro & macro (major) minerals

47
Q

What class of nutrients do thiamine, riboflavin & folic acid belong to?

A

Vitamins

48
Q

Which nutrient is an important structural component for muscle tissue, growth & tissue maintenance?

A

Proteins

49
Q

What is the term for the units of measure that describes the amount of energy needed by a horse & is
equal to 1,000 calories?

A

Megacalories

50
Q

There are considerable differences in density among horse feeds. Therefore, feeding measurements
should not be by volume but by what method?

A

Feed by weight

51
Q

What does TDN stand for

A

Total Digestible Nutrients

52
Q

Name the fat soluble vitamins?

A

A,D,E,K

Marion Junior Horsebowl (5 decks)

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