Section A Flashcards
Explain the relationship between agriculture and agriculture science
Agriculture is the practice farming, this includes the cultivation of the soil and crops and the rearing of livestock, agriculture science on the other hand allows the researcher to study the science behind it
Discuss the importance of agriculture in national, regional, and international economies
Agriculture is important in the national, regional and international economies because it helps to aquire foreign exchange, this is the money that is earned when a country export agricultural products to another country, this money is usually in foreign currency, foreign currency has a higher value than local money, hence more spending power. It also helps wioth food security, this means being self sufficent in food. It also contributes to GNP and GDP. It also helps with good employment ratio of imported to local produce; Improved agricultural productions leads to an increase in the chances of employment in the ratio. It also helps with trade liberalization, this is the removal of restriction on the free exchange of goods between nations. This includes the removal of both tariffs and non tariffs. It also helps with national and regional plans for agricultural developement
What are some things that affect food security in the caribbean?
Low agricultural productivity
Increased poverty
A decline in the earning of traditional crop, resulting from the loss of trade preferences
A dependency on imported food, as result of the inability to produce crops locally at competitive prices
What is GNP?
Gross national product is the measure of the current value of goods and services from all sectors in the national economy
What is GDP?
Gross domestic product is the measure of monetary value of final good and sevices produced and sold by a country in a specific time period
List the role of the local support system in your country
The local agriculture support system is the ministry of agriculture, their role is to develop sustainable food systems by driving local production of primary agricultural produce, livestock and fisheries to widen the supply chain, integrate production up the value chain and foster youth in agriculture
What are the objectives of caricom
To increase the output of agricultural and manufactoring products in member countries
To trade with each other
To develop a common trade policy
To eliminate charges on imporyted goods
What does CARICOM stands for
Caribbean community
What are the objectives of CNFI
To develop appropriate technology
To strenghten the nutritional aspect of health services
To improve food security
To produce educational material on nutrition
What does CNFI stands for?
Caribbean food and nutrition institute
What are CDB objectives?
To provide credit, marketing, storage, land developement, fisheries, forestry, irrigation and training
To develope infrastructure
What does CDB stands for?
Caribbean development bank
List three examples of caricom trade agrrements
Cuba agreement
Dominican republic free trade agreement
Costa rica agreement
What are three advantages of trade agreements
Allows the trading with member countries possible
Surcharges or duties will be removed from the imported item
It delivers enhanced trade and investment oppurtunities
What are the objectives of CARDI
To pursue for specified periods long term research in pertinent areas
To provide an appropriate research and developement service to the agricultural sector of member states
What does CARDI stands for?
Caribbean agricultural research and developement institute
What are the WFP objectives
Food and nutrition security
Fortification of food
Food security mapping and analysis
IICA
Inter-american Institue for cooperation on agriculture
IFAD
International fund for agriculture developement
TA
technical centre of agriculture and cooperation
What are the challenges affecting agriculture regionally?
Climate
Topography
Rural infrastructure
Extension services
Praedial larceny
Land tenure system
loss of agricultural lands
lack of sustainable land use
Environmental issues
Lack of food safety
Natural disasters
What are the global challenges?
Biodiversity
Global warming
Bioterriosm
Natural hazarads
Food security
What is non-conventional farming?
Non-conventional farming systems involve farming techniques that focuses on preserving the environment and land structure by using less land space, more technology and air space
What is organic farming?
Organic farming is a form of non conventional agriculture that strictly limits the use of artificial fertilizers, herbicides,pesticides, plant grown regulators and animal feed additives. Biological pest control is used instead to get rid of pests and compost, green manure, and crop rotation is used to maintain soil fertility
Adavantages of organic farming
Better for the environment
Healthier animals and healthier meat
Disadvantage of organic farming
High production cost
Plants take a long while to grow
List 4 principles of organic farming
Produce good food that has a high nutritive value
Maintain and improve soil fertility
Use renewable resources whenever possible
Protect wildlife habitats
To manage soil on oragnic farms
Crop rotation
Intercropping
Green manuring
Organic manure
Weed control on organic farms
hand weeding
hoeing
mulching
use of plastic films
Pest control on organic farms
organic insecticides such as PYTETHRUM and ROTENONE, they are often combined with BPC and IPM or use of herbal extract such as mitox
What is mitox
It is a broad spectrum organic immune booster that protect against white flies, mites and aphids
Certification for organic farms
the application forms requires details of:
soil fertility planning
seeds and seed planting
weed and pest management practices
Storage and handling of produce
