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A Level Physical Chemistry > Section 9 - Acids, Bases and pH > Flashcards

Section 9 - Acids, Bases and pH Flashcards

1
Q

What is a Bronsted-Lowry acid?

A

Proton donor

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2
Q

What is a Bronsted-Lowry base?

A

Proton acceptor

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3
Q

What is a strong acid?

A

An acid which dissociates almost completely in water. eg. HCl

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4
Q

What is a strong base?

A

A base which dissociates almost completely in water. eg. NaOH

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5
Q

What is a weak acid?

A

An acid which only slightly dissociatess in water. eg. CH3COOH

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6
Q

What is a weak base?

A

A base that only slightly dissociates in water. eg. NH3

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7
Q

What occurs in acid-base equilibria?

A

The transferral of protons

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8
Q

What is the ionic product of water equation?

A

Kw = [H+] [OH-]

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9
Q

What is Kw dependent on?

A

Temperature

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10
Q

Why can Kw sometimes be written as [H+]2?

A

In pure water, there is always 1 H+ for ever OH-

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11
Q

What is the formula for pH?

A

-log[H+]

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12
Q

What is the formula for conventration of H+?

A

10-pH

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13
Q

What is a strong monoprotic acid?

A

An acid where each molecule of acid will release one proton

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14
Q

What is a strong diprotic acid?

A

An acid where each molecule of acid will release two protons

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15
Q

What can be used to find the pH of a strong base?

A

Kw

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16
Q

What is the acid dissociation constant?

A

Ka - used to find the pH of a weak acid

17
Q

What is the expression of Ka?

A

Ka = [products]/[reactants]

18
Q

What is the verticle section of a pH curve called?

A

Equivalence point or end point

19
Q

What type of indicator should you use for a weak acid-weak base titration?

20
Q

Should you use methyl orange or phenolpthalein for a strong acid/strong base reaction?

21
Q

Should you use methyl orange or phenolpthalein for a strong acid/weak base reaction?

A

Methyl orange

22
Q

Should you use methyl orange or phenolpthalein for a weak acid/strong base reaction?

A

phenolpthalein

23
Q

Why do you get a pH curve with two equivalence points for the titration of a strong diprotic acid with a strong base?

A

The reaction happens in two stages because the two protons are removed from the acid seperately.

24
Q

What is a buffer?

A

A solution that resists change in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added, or when it’s diluted

25
Q

What are acidic buffers made from?

A

A weak acid and one of its salts

26
Q

What are basic buffers made from?

A

A weak base and one of its salts

27
Q

Give 3 examples of buffers?

A
  • Shampoos
  • Biological Washing Powders
  • Blood

A Level Physical Chemistry (9 decks)

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