section 7 testing and accessing the pain treatment

Question 1

clinical trials

Answer 1

series of tests that any new treatment must fo through 
4 stages in total:
-lab studies - preclinical 
- phase 1 human safety (tens)
- phase 1/2 expanded safety (100s)
-phase 3 efficiency and safety ( 1000s)

Question 2

pre clinical phase

Answer 2

• test effect on body and on brain
• first on isolated cells or tissues samples then move on to animals (what effect it has on behaviour and physiology)
• safety and effectiveness

Question 3

phase 3

Answer 3

• does it have beneficial affect on health
• concentrate on efficiency of treatment
• dose

Question 4

Randomised controlled studies

Answer 4

• double or single blinding
• reducing noise
• need to obtain informed consent from participants
• individuals randomly allocated

Question 5

positive control

Answer 5

the group 1 with new treatment tested

Question 6

negative control

Answer 6

no treatment or not new treatment

Question 7

descriptive statistics

Answer 7

calculate average (average pain rating for participants)

Question 8

inferential statistics

Answer 8

• give scientist more confidence

- calculate p value scale from 0-1 closer to 0 the better

Question 9

experimenter biast

Answer 9

biast intriduced into study by beliefa or actions of the experimenter

Question 10

single blinding

Answer 10

only one group is unaware about conditions exeprimenter or the participant

Question 11

double blinding

Answer 11

both participant and experimenter is unaware about the conditions and who belong to which group

Question 12

drug company patent

Answer 12

only temporary, then other companies can start produting it for lower price