Section 6B Law Of Armed Conflict Flashcards
The law of armed conflict arises from civilized nations humanitarian desire to lessen the effects of conflicts. It tries to restore peace and what?
Protects combatants and noncombatants from unecessary suffering.
Safeguards the basic rights of civilians, POWs, the wounded and the sick.
Tries to keep the conflicts from degenerating into savagery and brutality.
DoDD 2311.01E, DoD Law of War Program, requires what’s from all military departments?
Appropriately training all forces in LOAC
Designing a program to ensure LOAC observance and prevent LOAC violations
Completing a legal review of new weapons
Law of Armed Conflict training is a treaty obligation of the US under provision of who?
Geneva convention
Who doesn’t receive specialized training for LOAC addressing unique issues they may encounter?
Engineers
What type of international law is based on practices that nations have come to see as legally binding and establishes many of the oldest rules governing the conduct of military operations in armed conflict?
Customary
Who must observe US LOAC obligations?
All persons subject to US laws
Which article of the constitution states that treaty obligations of the US are the “supreme law of the land”?
Article VI (6)
Military personnel, civilians and contractors authorized to accompany the armed forces in combat who do not follow the LOAC when planning and executing combat operations are subject to what punishment?
Being held criminally liable for war crimes and court martialed under the UCMJ
Which LOAC principle permits the use of only the degree of regulated force not prohibited by the laws of war that obtains the enemies partial or complete submission with the least expenditure of life, time and physical resources?
Military necessity
Attacks must be limited to military objectives according to which LOAC principle?
Military necessity
Which LOAC principle requires defenders to separate military targets form civilians and civilian objects as much as feasible?
Distinction
Which LOAC principle requires military planners to avoid or minimize civilian losses to the extent consistent with military necessity?
Proportionality
What LOAC principle states the unnecessary suffering, prohibits employing any kind or degree of force not necessary for the purposes of war?
Humanity
What combat weapon is banned under the LOAC?
Expanding hollow point bullets
What lawful weapon may be used unlawfully in war?
Rifles
The LOAC principle of chivalry permits lawful ruses such as what?
Camouflage
False radio signals
Mock troop movements
What does the principle of chivalry under the LOAC not permit?
Treacherous attempts to injure the enemy
How many treaties are there of the Geneva conventions of 1949 that govern the treatment of wounded and sick forces, POWs and civilians during war or armed conflict?
4
What conventions distinguished between combatants, noncombatants and civilians?
Geneva
Members of which LOAC combatant category are authorized by government authority or the LOAC to engage in hostilities and maybe members of a regular armed force or a militia?
Combatants
Combatants are immune from prosecution for their belligerent acts if they are what?
Authorized by a sovereign state and act in accordance with the LOAC
Under the LOAC a combatant is commanded by a person responsible for subordinates and
Has fixed distinctive emblems recognizable at a distance
Carries arms openly
Conducts combat operations according to the LOAC
Under the LOAC who is not authorized to engage in hostilities as may not be attacked?
Noncombatants
Noncombatants include who?
Permanent medical personnel and chaplains
Who participates in hostilities without authorization by a state involved in a conflict?
Unlawful combatants
Can unlawful combatants be harmed?
Yes
Is there is doubt about which LOAC category an individual fall under, the person shall receive the protections of the Geneva prisoner of war convention until when?
Their status is determined
What personnel is critical to determining the propriety of targets and the choice of weapons when planning an attack?
Judge advocate
Intelligence
Operations
According to LOAC where may enemy military aircraft not be attacked or destroyed?
Neutral airspace or territory
An enemy civilian aircraft or medical aircraft cannot be lawfully attacked if what?
If it approaches enemy territory or a combat zone and needs a summons to land
Under LOAC the defense is “I was only following orders” generally accepted by war crime tribunals?
NOT ACCEPTABLE
What are illegal acts justified as a last resort to stop illegal acts first committed by the adversary called?
Reprisals
Who may authorize US forces to make a reprisals?
President
Air Force members must report apparent LOAC violations of who to their commanders?
Enemy
Allies
US armed forces
An allegation of LOAC violations involving a US commander may not be reported to who?
FBI agents
What ensures that force is used according to national policy goals, requirements and rule of law?
The rules of engagement (ROE)
