Section 6 Study Guide Flashcards
A substance that undergoes a change in a chemical reaction is a __.
reactant
In an exothermic reaction, energy is transferred from the ___ to the ___.
reactants; surroundings
The energy source in photosynthesis is __
light energy
A synthesis reaction is a reaction between at last two compounds in which __
a new, more complex compound is formed
The product of the synthesis reaction between sodium and chlorine is __
sodium chloride
A chemical equation is balanced by changing or adding
coefficients
In a balanced chemical reaction, the total mass of the products always equals the __
total mass of the reactants
Large, bulky molecules react more slowly than small ones because they have less opportunity to __
collide with other molecules
Which enzyme breaks down cellulose into smaller molecules?
cellulase
When a chemical reaction and its reverse are occurring at the same time and at the same rate, the reaction has achieved __
equilibrium
Le Chatelier’s principle states that increasing temperature favors a reaction that __
absorbs energy as heat
The changes that are visible during a chemical reaction are signs that the __ in the reactants have been rearranged
atoms
A chemical reaction that transfers energy from the reactants to the surroundings is referred to as ___
exothermic
In a __ reaction, the reactants are broken down into other substances
decompostion
A substance is said to be __ when it gains electrons
reduced
When a reaction is at equilibrium, increasing the pressure favors the reaction that produces __
less gas
In a state of equilibrium, a reaction and its reverse occur at the same __ and at the same __
time; rate
What is true about endothermic reactions?
Heat is transferred from the surroundings to the reactants.
Most of the energy in an isooctane reaction is released in the form of __
heat and light
What is an example of a decomposition reaction?
digestion
When water is broken down by electrolysis, the products are __
hydrogen gas and oxygen gas
A balanced chemical equation shows the proportions of reactants and products necessary for __
mass to be conserved
An enzyme is a special kind of catalyst that works to __
speed up a specific biochemical reaction
What is the relationship between chemical equilibrium and the rates forward and reverse reaction?
the forward and reverse reactions must be equal
Increasing the concentration of one substance in an equilibrium reaction favors the reaction that ___
produces less of that substance
A sign that a chemical reaction is taking place is release of energy in the form of __ or __
light; heat
An __ reaction is one in which heat is transferred from the surroundings to the reactants
endothermic
In a combustion reaction, __ is used to make reactants burn
oxygen
A reaction that involves the transfer of electrons is called a ___ or _____ reaction
redox; reduction/oxidation
Equilibrium is achieved when the __ and __ reactions continue to take place at the same rate
forward; backward
When a reaction is at equilibrium, increasing the temperature favors the reaction that __
absorbs energy as heat
