Section 6 part 3 - gases Flashcards
What is the pressure of a gas?
Force per unit area that the gas exerts normally
What does the pressure of a gas depend on?
Temperature, volume of container, mass of gas in container
What is an isothermal change?
Any change at constant temperature
Define Boyle’s law
For a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature, the gas pressure multiplied by the volume of gas is a constant
What graph would you plot when investigating Boyle’s law to get a straight line graph?
Pressure against 1/Volume, as p/1/V = pV, representing y=mx, where y is pressure, gradient is constant, and x is 1/volume
What type of graph do you get for Boyle’s law when plotting pressure against volume?
Reciprocal looking curves, with higher temperatures shifting the curve to the right, or with p against 1/v, a steeper gradient for higher temps
Define Charles’ law
For an ideal gas at constant pressure, the volume divided by the temperature is a constant
What is an isobaric change?
Any change at constant pressure
What is the work done by a gas on a piston equal to when changing the volume of the gas?
Pressure x change in volume
Define the pressure law
For an ideal gas with a constant volume, the pressure divided by the temperature is a constant
What causes the pressure of a gas on a surface?
The gas molecules hitting the surface
What is Brownian motion?
The random motion particles travel, due to the individual molecules bombarding each particle unevenly and randomly
How did Robert Brown show the existence of molecules and atoms
With pollen grains in the water`
What happens to the Brownian motion when temperature is increased?
The motion gets more erratic, but stays random
How much greater is the density of oxygen than that of hydrogen at constant temperature?
x16