Section 5.1 - Further Mechanics Content Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the term given to an object rotating at a steady rate?

A

Uniform circular motion

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2
Q

If an object is travelling in a circle in the vertical plane, where are the points of minimum and maximum tension?

A

Minimum tension at the top

Maximum tension at the bottom

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3
Q

Define centripetal force

A

The force that makes the object move in a circle

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4
Q

Why do planes turn when at an angle?

A

The lift force is comprised of a horizontal and vertical component.
The horizontal component provides the centripetal force causing it to turn.

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5
Q

What kind of motion will a pendulum perform?

A

Simple harmonic motion

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6
Q

What is the period of oscillation?

A

The time for one complete cycle of oscillation.

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7
Q

If a trolley is at equilibrium attached to two springs, when pushed in one direction, what will the trolley do and why?

A

It will accelerate toward the equilibrium point.

The extended spring provides a restoring force.

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8
Q

If the graph of displacement is sin(x), what will the respective graphs of velocity and acceleration look like?

A

Velocity as cos(x)

Acceleration as -sin(x)

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9
Q

Describe a freely oscillating object

A

It oscillates with a constant amplitude because there is no friction acting on it.

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10
Q

What is natural frequency?

A

The frequency of free oscillations of an oscillating system.

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11
Q

What are forced vibrations?

A

Making an object oscillate at a frequency that is not it’s natural frequency

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12
Q

When does resonance occur?

A

When the driving force or oscillation matches the natural frequency of the system.

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13
Q

What is the outcome of resonance?

A

An increase in amplitude of the system’s oscillation.

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14
Q

What is damping?

A

The term used to describe the removal of energy from an oscillating system.

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15
Q

What are the three levels of damping?

A

Light
Heavy
Critical

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16
Q

Describe light damping of a system

A

The system oscillates over a long time frame before coming to rest.
The amplitude of the oscillations follow a decay envelope.

17
Q

Describe heavy damping

A

The oscillating system returns to zero over an extended time frame.
(No discernible oscillation)

18
Q

Describe critical damping

A

The oscillating system returns to the zero position of the oscillation after one quarter of a time period.
Does not affect frequency.