Section 5

Question 1

Natural Number

Answer 1

A positive whole number including zero.

Question 2

Interger

Answer 2

Any whole positive or negative number including zero.

Question 3

Rational number

Answer 3

Any number that can be expressed as a fraction or ratio of integers.

Question 4

Irrational number

Answer 4

A number that cannot be represented as a fraction or ratio as the decimal form will contain infinite repeating values.

Question 5

Real number

Answer 5

Any positive or negative number with or without a fractional part.

Question 6

Ordinal number

Answer 6

A number used to identify position relative to other numbers.

Question 7

Cardinal number

Answer 7

A number that identifies the size of something.

Question 8

Well-ordered set

Answer 8

A group of related numbers with a defined order.

Question 9

Array

Answer 9

A data structure where data items are grouped together under a single identifier and are then accessed based on their position.

Question 10

Number base

Answer 10

The number of digits available within a particular number system, e.g. base 10 for decimal, base 2 for binary.

Question 11

Bit

Answer 11

A single binary digit from a binary number - either a zero or one.

Question 12

Byte

Answer 12

A group of bits, typically 8, used to represent a single character.

Question 13

Unit

Answer 13

The grouping together of bits or bytes to form larger blocks of measurement, e.g. GB, MB.

Question 14

Unsigned binary

Answer 14

Binary that represents positive numbers only.

Question 15

Two’s compliment

Answer 15

A method of working with signed binary values.

Question 16

Fixed point

Answer 16

Where the decimal/binary point is fixed within a number.

Question 17

Floating point

Answer 17

Where the decimal/binary point can move within a number.

Question 18

Signed binary

Answer 18

binary with a positive or negative sign.

Question 19

Overflow

Answer 19

When a number is too large to be represented with the number of bits allocated.

Question 20

Underflow

Answer 20

When a number is too small to be represented with the number of bits allocated.

Question 21

Normalisation

Answer 21

A process for adjusting onto a common scale.

Question 22

Precision

Answer 22

How accurate a number is.

Question 23

Mantissa

Answer 23

The significant digits that make up a number.

Question 24

Exponent

Answer 24

The ‘power of’ part of a number indicating how far a binary point should be shifted left or right.