SECTION 5 Flashcards
types of technology that communicate to large numbers of people; newspapers, radio, TV, social media, podcasts, etc
MASS MEDIA
a model of communications suggesting that an intended message is directly received and wholly accepted by the receiver
HYPODERMIC THEORY
the idea that media have little effect on citizens
MINIMAL EFFECTS THEORY
the idea that media presents a version of reality that eventually cultivates a worldview generally accepted by the population
CULTIVATION THEORY
the process of a giving a news story a specific context or background
FRAMING
the process of predisposing media readers or viewers to think and act a particular way
PRIMING
the ability of powerful media to focus public attention on particular issues or topics via strength of its coverage
AGENDA SETTING
a style of journalism in which all journalists cover the same issues and stories rather than seeking out their own stories
PACK JOURNALISM
tv and radio stations regulated by the FCC
BROADCAST MEDIA
the legal suppression of speech or media coverage prior to public speaking or publication; a form of censorship
PRIOR RESTRAINT
a provision of the 1934 Communications Act, this federal rule requires broadcasters to provide equal opportunities for airtime and advertising to all legally qualified candidates for the same office
EQUAL TIME RULE
the process of journalists seeking out information on scandals or misconduct in government, politics or business
MUCKWRACKING
a law that mandates government proceedings and meeting documents be made available to the public
SUNSHIINE LAWS
a 1967 act that requires executive branch of the US government to provide information requested by citizens
FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT (FOIA)
a federal rule repealed in 1987, that required media broadcasters to provide balanced airtime to all sides of an issue
FAIRNESS DOCTRINE
the process by which we are trained to understand and join a country’s political world
POLITICAL SOCIALIZATION
the marked differences in political opinion between men and women
GENDER GAP
a rule of thumb, or a cue
HEURISTICS
the gathering of background information before making a decision
RESEARCH
shared political attitudes, values, and beliefs
POLITICAL CULTURE
a community or political leader who shapes or even dominates public opinion by providing information to citizens and fostering political strategy
POLITICAL ELITES
a tendency by the media to increase coverage of candidates who win primary elections and caucuses early on in the presidential nomination process
BANDWAGON EFFECT
the common media practice of following the leading candidates every move and polling numbers throughout a presidential campaign
HORSE RACE JOURNALISM
the opinion of an entire group; also referred to as the public mood
COLLECTIVE (MASS) PUBLIC OPINION
in politics, the authority and influence an elected official gains by virtue of substantial popular support
MANDATE
