Section 5

Question 1

What is system software

Answer 1

general-purpose software that is used to operate computer hardware. it provides a platform to run application software

Question 2

what is application software

Answer 2

specific-purpose software used to perform a specific task. things like utility software and OSs

Question 3

What is an OS

Answer 3

controls the overall operation of a computer. It provides the ability for a user to store and retrieve files, facilitates a user interface to request the execution of programs, and maintains the environment necessary to execute programs.

Question 4

what is utility software

Answer 4

extends the capabilities of an operating system. Utility software helps customize the operating system’s function.

Question 5

what is the kernel

Answer 5

is the internal part of an operating system. The kernel contains the operating system components that perform the basic functions required by the computer installation.

Question 6

What is a CLI

Answer 6

a type of user interface that communicate with end users through textual messages using a keyboard and monitor.

Question 7

what does the memory manager do in the kernel

Answer 7

manages the systems primary main memory. the manager needs to find and assign the main memory space for each of the processes and restrict the actions of each process to the memory space allocated to that program.

Question 8

what is paging in a memory manager inside of the kernel

Answer 8

when the memory manager rotates programs and data between the primary and secondary memory.

Question 9

how are drivers used

Answer 9

the kernel of an OS loads a driver on an as needed basis and uses it to translate generic requests into the technical steps required to complete a task.

Question 10

what makes software considered productivity software

Answer 10

what people use to complete daily tasks such as writing documents, managing personal information, sending an email, etc.

Question 11

what is collaboration software

Answer 11

helps people communicate and work with one another

Question 12

what is specialized software

Answer 12

performs tasks for specific purposes such as finance, science, games, etc.

Question 13

what is “bespoke” software

Answer 13

custom made, specifically designed and developed for an organization.

Question 14

what is “off-the-shelf” software

Answer 14

provides a general set of features that are useful to a broad range of users.

Question 15

what is “hybrid” software

Answer 15

off-the-shelf software, designed to be used by a wide range of organizations or individuals

Question 16

what is shareware

Answer 16

an application that can be installed as a trial limited by time and/or functionality. protected by EULA and copyright laws

Question 17

what is freeware

Answer 17

free but protected by EULA and copyright laws

Question 18

what is public domain software

Answer 18

has no EULA and no intellectual property protections and is available for anyone to download and use at their own discretion.

Question 19

what is assembly language

Answer 19

machine-dependent, yet mainly consists of mnemonic processor instructions, data, and other statements or instructions that are not directly understandable by machine and high-level language as machine-independent. more precise and efficient code that can control hardware better than high level languages

Question 20

what is machine code

Answer 20

instructions in the form of 0s and 1s

Question 21

what is a high-level language

Answer 21

programming languages like Python or Java

Question 22

what is source code

Answer 22

The collection of instructions written in a programming language

Question 23

what does a compiler do

Answer 23

translates source code into machine language. A compiler checks source code for errors before translating it into object code. If the source code is found to have errors, the compiler specifies the errors.

Question 24

what does an interpreter do

Answer 24

translate and execute source code into machine language one line at a time. If the interpreter finds an error, the process is terminated at the statement containing the error and displays an error message.

Question 25

what is an algorithm

Answer 25

a specifically structured set of inputs (i.e., the steps of a recipe) required to produce a specific output (i.e., your cake, pie, cookies, or special entrée).