Section 4 Flashcards
Why did Hitler impose the Jewish Boycott?
It was mainly as retaliation against Jews in Germany and those abroad who had called for a boycott of German goods
What were the main events of the boycott?
-Goebbels organised an intensive propaganda campaign to maximise the impact of the boycott
-Jewish shops were the main target, however the Nazis also boycotted Jewish professionals such as doctors and lawyers
-Some Nazis violently attacked Jews in the street. E.g. some Jewish lawyers were stripped of their robes and Jewish doctors
, thatchers etc were also subject to violent treatment
What were Hitler’s intentions with the boycott?
- Hitler only intended the boycott to be a brief affair
- He wanted to avoid instability while he carried through his legal revolution and so allowed limited violence
- He wanted to show that his government could provide ‘spontaneous public anger’
What were the main impacts of the Jewish boycott?
- It featured in news coverage in both Germany and the world
- Not all Germans supported the boycott, and many used Jewish businesses to show their disapproval
- The boycott only lasted a day, which was a far cry from the indefinite boycott that the SA had hoped for
What were the 1933 civil service laws, and what did they achieve?
- The civil service laws were laws that required Jews to be dismissed from the civil service
- President Hindenburg initially forced exemptions for Jews who were veterans of the First World War or descendants of veterans
- When Hindenburg dies and the exemptions were lifted, all of the Jews were forced to leave the civil service
- The new law also caused 37,000 Jews to leave Germany in 1933 alone
What other laws did the Nazis introduce against Jews?
- The Nazis introduces many new regulations to try and force Jews out of the legal and medical professions
- These new laws gradually became harsher and harsher and so exclusion was a gradual process
- E.g. after the first Nazi regulation in 1933, only 40% of non aryans were forced out of the legal profession
- In 1933 the Nazis announced a ban on Jewish doctors, however many continued to practice long after 1933
When was Kristallnacht?
9th-10th November 1938
How did Kristallnacht benefit the Nazis?
- Some ordinary citizens joined in with the Violence
- The number of Jewish people voluntarily leaving Germany escalated
- Goering pronounced that ‘now the gloves are off’
- Insurance companies were not allowed to pay compensation to Jewish victims
- Jews had to pay 1billion in compensation for ‘disrupting the Jewish economy’
- The decree excluding Jews from German Economic Life was issued on the 12th November. It accelerated the Aryanisation of Jewish businesses
What were some ways Kristallnacht hindered the Nazis?
- Many ordinary people were against what was happening. There were reports of citizens saying “its terrible” to each other on the street
- An oficial in Berlin claimed that ‘he had not meant an official in any walk of life who did not disapprove to some degree of what had happened
Why were the Nuremberg laws introduced in 1935?
- They were introduced as many radical anti-semites in the Nazi party felt as though Jewish persecution had not gone far enough
- At the rally, Hitler announced that it was time at once to ‘deal once and for all with Jewish Bolshevism’
What was the Reich Citizenship law, and what was its purpose?
- It meant that only those with purely Jewish blood could be German Citizens
- All others were classified as “subjects”
Its purpose was to:
- Segregate Jews and Germans
- Create two classes of citizen: a racial hierarchy
- It allowed laws to benefit German citizens only
What was the Law for the Protection of German bloom and Honour, and what was its purpose?
- It outlawed marriage between Aryans and non-aryans
- It was now illegal for Germans to marry or have relationships with Jews
Its purpose was to:
- Ensure that German blood is kept ‘pure’
- Segregate Jews and Germans
- Stop The spread of Jewish and ‘degenerate’ blood
What was the First supplementary Decree on te Reich Citizenship law, and what was its purpose?
-It defined what constitutes a “full Jew”. “half Jews” were labelled as “mischlinge”
Its purpose was to:
- Have a definition to apply discriminatory laws to
- Cast Jews aside
