Section 4 Flashcards
Victim surveys- sample of population either locally or nationally are asked which offences have been committed against them over a period of time.
advantages and disadvantages
S
Overcomes that a large number of crimes not recorded
Gives a good indication and extent of victimisation
Best known victimisation survey- British crime survey (annually)
W
- Recollection of victims memory can be distorted or faulty (low validity)
- despite these surveys being anonymous sexual crimes less reported
- Categorisation of crime left to the victims when filling out leads to inaccuracy
Self report survey-survey in which a selected group or a cross section of the public are asked what offences they committed
What are the advantages and disadvantages
S
Reveal offenders not caught by the police
Find hidden offenders
Find victimless crimes such as drug use
W
- Problem of validity respondents may lie
- Mostly focus on young people not others such as professional criminals therefore problem with representativeness
- relevance. Majority of crimes revealed tend to be trivial.
1) What does the chambliss report suggest about the police ?
2) Why would interpretivists argue that official statistics are a social construction
1) Bias towards. Idle class delinquents and are more against/abrasive towards working class delinquents
2) ^^argue that this labelling reflects the accuracy of crime statistics and instead concentrates on how crime is socially constructed.
How may the media have an impact on crime statistics ?
Make one crime seem bigger than the other
Police told to concentrate on one crime e.g theft
The statistic of that crime will go up and the others will go down a little,
Measuring crime via surveys
When are police records published
Every 6 months
Only includes crimes reported to the police
Not valid for crimes such as sexual assault e.g rape or fraud or drugs
Victimology
1what is it?
2)who’s is most likely to be victims of crime
Study of victims in crime
18-24 black males most likely to be victim of crime.
Victimology background:
- growth in victimology since 1980’s
- victims need confidence in the CJS or otherwise crimes won’t be reported
- 1 in 4 people likely to be victims of crimes but we need to be more accurate than that.
Age
Victimology official crime statistics
27% of 10-25 year olds are victims of personal crimes such as assault without injury and theft
Gender
Victimology official crime statistics
89% of do,estimated violence is committed by makes
Young males twice as much at risk of being a risk of violent crimes than young women (16-24)
92% of rape victims are women however 1 third is only reported
1 in 4 women victim of domestic violence
1in 6 men victim of domestic violence.
Class
Victimology official crime statistics
Working class most likely to be victim of burglary (Weaker doors no security system)
Ethnicity
Victimology official crime statistics
18-24 black males most likely to be victim of crimes
Black and Asians 14 times more likely to be victim of racially ,violence related incidents than white people.
Victimology information sheet
- BCS
- characteristics of victims
- hidden victim and offence
- attitudes of victims
British crime survey (a victimisation survey )
- annual survey as of 2001
- anonymous
- crimes may not be reported where crimes are trivial.
- find the occurrence of the crimes that have been reported
Characteristics of victims
Those living in the poorest areas are most subjective to crime
Women are more likely to be a victim of domestic violence and sexual crimes where else males are more likely to be involved in workplace and violent crimes.(16-24)
Young people more likely to be At risk of crime. Children underr 1 most likely to be murdered
Ethnic members at greater risk of crime than whites - especially from racial violence. The macpherson report (1999) following the murder of Stephen Lawrence found that ethnic minority’s were over policed and underprotected.
Following the murder of Stephen Lawrence
What does the macpherson report suggest?
Ethnic minorities were over policed and under protected.
This can decrease the efficiency of how the CJS combats crime as ethnic minorities will be less likely to report the offences against. Them. Deriving themselves and the CJS system of the information.
