Section 3 Thermal Physics Flashcards
Solid characteristics
Particles held very close together in a fixed regular arrangement
Can’t move past each other
Forced between particles are strong
Liquid characteristics
Close together but further apart than solid
Move past each other irregular
Forces between the particles and weaker
Random directions at low speed
Gas characters
More energy
Move in random direction and at high speeds
Move so freely
Microscopic particles motion
Fluid move in random direction
When is pressure created
Particles collide with container walls
At a constant volume how is pressure
Gas pressure will increase with temperature
Particles will collide more often making a larger force
At a constant temp what happens to volume
Increase in pressure decrease in volume
What increases the rate of evaporation
Temperature - the higher the temperature the higher the average in the kinetic energy stored of the particles
Surface area - the large area, the more particles will be near the surface more particles
Air movement - the air is moving over the liquid surface particles that escape won’t be able to go back to liquid
How does evaporation have a cooling effect
Average energy in the kinetic energy stores of the remaining particles in the liquid decreases
Cooling effect can be passed on to anything in contact with liquid
How gas particles create pressure
Pressure is the force per unit area
Gas collides
Creates pressure
Specific heat capacity equation
Change in energy/temp change x mass
How does thermal expansion work
Gain energy and move away from each other when temp increases and weakens forces
Three types of thermal energy
Conduction
Convection
Radiation
What does infrared emission depend on
Temp and surface area
More surface area the more Infrared waves that can be emitted from the surface
What is Conduction
The process where vibrating particles transfer energy from their kinetic energy stores
