Section 3 - The Egyptian Empire Flashcards
When did pharaohs lose control of Egypt?
2300 B.C.
In about 2300 BC where did a new dynasty of pharaohs created a capital?
Thebes
This began the middle Kingdom a time of stability prosperity and what?
Achievement
Egypt took control of other lands in forest concord people to send _________or forced _________
In this way, Egypt increased its ________
- tribute
- payments
• riches
During the___________ kingdom, the arts,____________, and ____________blossomed.
- Middle
- literature
- architecture
The middle Kingdom ended when_________ attacked and____________ Egypt
- Hyksos
* Conquered
The Hyksos rolled until around 1500 BC, when the Egyptian prince _________lead a revolt to drive the _______out of Egypt
- Ahmose
* Hyksos
Why do you think arts literature and architecture flourish during the middle Kingdom?
!!!!!! DISCUSSION !!!!!!!!!
• it was a period of political stability and economic prosperity.
During the new Kingdom., Egypt grew________ and more ________
- Richer
* powerful
__________ was one of the few Women to rule Egypt.
• Hatshepsut
_________ grew during Hatshepsuts reign
• Trade
Traders exchanged beads,_______,and weapons for Ivory, wood,________, and incense
- tools
* leopard skins
Trade made Egypt_________
• wealthier
Thutmose 3 became Pharaoh after ___________ death
•Hatshepsut
Thutmose __________ more land, and Egypt grew__________ from tributes
- conquered
* richer
_________ became common during Thutmoses reign
• slavery
Slaves had some_______
• rights
They could own land ,______, and eventually obtain _______
- marry
* freedom
How was Hatshepsut unlike other pharaohs?
!!!!!!!! DISCUSSION!!!!!!!
• focused on trade instead of military conquests
Ahmenhotep IV (4) came to power in _______ __
•1370 B.C.
Who felt priests were gaining too much power ?
• Ahmenhotep
He introduced a new religion with only ____ god, ___
- one
* Aton
Priests who did not follow the new religion were _________ _________ ________
- removed
- from
- power
Most Egyptians refused to _______ the new religion
• accept
Amenhotep became so devoted to his new religion that he _________ his other ______
- neglected
* duties
Amenhotep did not act when the __________ attacked _______
As a result, Egypt empire greatly _________
- Hittites
- Egypt
• diminished
Tutankhamen now called ______ ____, was a ___ ruler who took power after Akhenaton died .
- King Tut
* boy
Into rolled for only__________ years before his death
•nine
In A.D. 1922, a British Archaeologist named _________ ______ found king Tuts ________
- Howard
- Carter
- grave
What happened as a result of the removal of the priests?
!!!!!!!!! DISCUSSION!!!!!!!!!
• The priests were experience in rolling Egypt. When Amenhotep
neglected his duties, the priests were no longer available to make important decisions.
Ramses II (2) was one of the most _________ pharaohs of the _____ Kingdom .
- effective
* New
During Ramses’ rule, many ____ were built throughout Egypt.
• temples
Temples were used for_______
• services
Most Egyptians parade at home because they believed the temples were_______ for the gods and _______
- houses
* goddesses
After Ramses rule, Egyptian rule began to_______
• decline
Egypt was attacked by neighboring groups and eventually controlled only the ________ ______
- Nile
* delta
Ending in the 900s B.C. Egypt was ruled by the Libyans, then the people of ________ and finally the _________
- Kush
* Assyrians
In addition to religious purposes, what other purpose did the temple service?
!!!!!!!!!! DISCUSSION!!!!!!!
•The temples also served as banks. People stored valuable items in the temples, such as jewelry and oils.
What improvements did the middle Kingdom rulers make?
!!!!!!!!!!! DISCUSSION!!!!!!!!!!!
•They added more waterways and dams for irrigation, increased the amount of land used for farming, built a canal between the Nile river and Red Sea, and improved art and architecture.
What purposes did the temple serve in Egypt?
!!!!!!!!!!!! DISCUSSION!!!!!!!!!!!
•Temples were houses for gods and goddesses, places for priests to perform rituals, and banks/warehouses
What was unusual about the reign of Hatshepsut?
!!!!!!!! DISCUSSION!!!!!!!!
•She Was the first woman to rule Egypt in her own right
How did Akhenaton upset the traditional order ?
!!!!!!!!!!! DISCUSSION!!!!!!!!!!
•he stopped where ship of old gods in favor of one God.
Describe the similarities and differences between the rule of Hatshepsut and Ramses II .
!!!!!!!!!!!!!! DISCUSSION !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
- similarities: built many temples
* differences: Hatshepsut increased Egypt’s wealth through trade; Ramses II waged war to expand the empire
ancient city and former capital of Egypt
Thebes
lead an uprising that drove the Hyksos out of Egypt; his rein marked the beginning of a new kingdom
Ahmose
became pharaoh after the death of her husband, Thutmose III; focused on expanding Egypt’s economy through trade during her reign which lasted 21 years
Hatshepsut
Hatshepsut nephew/son who became pharaoh following her death; his armies expanded Egypt’s borders in north and south
Thutmose III
came to power with the help of his wife, Nefertiti, in about 1370 B.C. ; introduced a new religion based on the belief of one god named Aton
Akhenaton
Son-in-law of Akhenaton who inherited the throne when he was about 10 years old ; his tomb was found intact in 1922
Tutankhamen
considered to be Egypt’s last great pharaoh; during his 66-year reign, he launched an ambitious building program, constructing several major new temples
Ramses II
payment made by one group of nation to another to show obedience or to obtain peace or protection
Tribute
Material burned for it’s pleasant smell
Incense
