section 3 Neurons

Question 1

Neurons

Answer 1

receive, process, transmit
job is to allow information passed through the entire body

Question 2

dendrite structure

Answer 2

tree like branches the project from the cell body

Question 3

dendrite function

Answer 3

eyes and ears if the cell
receives information

Question 4

soma(cell body) structure

Answer 4

contains nutrients

Question 5

soma function

Answer 5

process the information
calculator of the cell
contains the nucleus

Question 6

axon structure

Answer 6

long fiber that comes out of the soma

Question 7

axon function

Answer 7

transmits the information

Question 8

myelin sheath structure

Answer 8

a fat that wraps itself around the axon
some cells have it

Question 9

myelin sheath function

Answer 9

helps them send information faster

Question 10

nodes of ranvier structure

Answer 10

naked section of the axon that pokes through the myelin sheath

Question 11

nodes ranvier function

Answer 11

information jumps on the naked sections

Question 12

synapse

Answer 12

gap between the connecting neurons

Question 13

vesicle

Answer 13

a bag that contains chemicals

Question 14

neurotransmitter

Answer 14

the chemical in the in vesicle
chemical messengers of the nervous system

Question 15

neurotransmitter

Answer 15

carries messages from one neuron to another
about 100 types of neuron transmitters ex. dopamine

Question 16

receptors

Answer 16

they receive the neurotransmitters
like a lock is to a key

Question 17

resting potential (RP)

Answer 17

electrical charge of a neuron when it is at rest

Question 18

where does the charge come from for RP

Answer 18

ions(charged atom)

Question 19

three primary ions

Answer 19

potassium, sodium, chloride
more chlo. and sod. outside
more pot. outside

Question 20

forces on RP

Answer 20

diffusion: makes ions go to a area of high to low concentration
electrostatic pressure: opposites charges attract, magnet like

Question 21

Action potential AP

Answer 21

gun firing like
AP starts at the beginning of the axon and moves itself down

Question 22

reuptake

Answer 22

the excess neurotransmitters that dont go to a receptor, reuses the neurons
yo-yo like

Question 23

excitatory message

Answer 23

makes cells more likely to have AP
(gossip)

Question 24

inhibitory messages

Answer 24

makes the cells less likely have AP
causes em to stop (secret)

Question 25

example transmitters

Answer 25

Acetylcholine ex. Alzheimer’s
Norepinephrine
Serotonin
Dopamine

Question 26

Acetylcholine function

Answer 26

Function: memory; muscle contraction

Question 27

Norepinephrine function

Answer 27

arousal; mood

Question 28

Dopamine

Answer 28

sleep; reward; learning

Question 29

Serotonin

Answer 29

sleep; mood; appetite

Question 30

Rules of AP

Answer 30

all or none
one way traffic
same strength