section 3 Ethical and cultural issues Flashcards
What are ethical issues
are about what right and wrong by society
what are legal issues
about what’s actually right and wrong in the eyes of the law
what are cultural issues
are about how groups of people with particular beliefs, practices or languages may be affected
what are environmental issues
are about how we impact the natural world
What are stakeholders
someone who has interest in or are affected by a particular scenario
how does social media and cloud computing make it hard to keep private information
encourage you to post personal information
allows you to upload personal files
what must users do before using websites and software
accept a privacy agreement before using it
however very few people read this
how can users make there personal information more safe
privacy settings
What is internet censorship
when someone tries to control what other people can access on the internet
what has china censored and Cuba
foreign websites
only access the computer from government access points
why is censorship used
restrict access to inappropriate sites and protect children
what is computer surveillance
when someone tries to monitor what other people are doing on the internet
how does computer surveillance work
intelligent agencies use packet sniffers to monitor internet traffic by picking out certain key words or phrases
why is censorship and surveillance controversial topics
some people agree with it
while others call it cyber censorship and mass surveillance
how does social well being effected by new tech
try to persuade us to get the new gadget or buy a new one
increased peer pressure
smartphones make it easier for peoples work to intrude
face to face is neglected
what is cyber bulling
when someone uses social media to deliberately harm someone else
what is trolling
when someone tries to cause public arguments with others online
what is sexting
sending sexually explicit messages or images
how is eyestrain caused
and how can it be fixed
looking at a device to long, bad lighting , the screen is flickering
keeping the screen far away, take regular breaks
how is Repetitive strain injury caused and how can it be fixed
parts of the body become damage as a result of repeated movement
correct posture and arranging the desk appropriately
how is back strain caused and how can it be fixed
due to poor posture
adjustable chair
how has technology shaped are culture
selfies
viral videos
social media
blogging
what is the sharing economy
the services which use new technology to let people make money from things they already own
like uber
how does the sharing economy affect businesses
sharing economy is cheap and draws people away from taxi firms and others
what is the digital divide
created by the fact that some people have greater access to tech than others
causes of the digital divide
don’t have enough money
urban areas have greater network coverage
some people don’t no how to use the internet
what is the global divide
created by the fact that the level of access to technology is different in different countries
what natural resources are used in devices and what does it use up
plastics
precious metals
energy
how is energy made and what are the issues with it
non renewable resources and this uses a lot of energy in the extracting process and causes pollution
what is the issues with powerful servers
power hungry and use a lot of energy from cooling
what are the issues with devices
only use a small proportion of their processing power and people often leave them on
how can we reduce the amount of energy wasted
virtual servers
include sleep and hibernate modes
don’t leave the devices on
why do we have so much E-waste and how are manufacturers and retailers to blame
devices have short life or people want to upgrade
provide short warranties and use marketing to persuade to upgrade and use pricing strategies
what is the WEEE
the waste electric and electronic equipment directive was set up to tackle the e waste problem
they promote reuse, recycling
what happens to e waste to cut costs
sent to Africa where regulations are less strict
what are the 8 protection act principles
1) Data must only be used in a fair and lawful way
2) data must only be used for the specified purpose
3) data should be adequate, relevant and not excessive
4) data must be accurate and kept up to date
5) data should not be kept longer than necessary
6) the rights of the data subject must be observed
7) data should be kept safe and secure
8) data should not be transferred abroad without protection
what is the Freedom of information act 2000
allows members of the public to access information held by a public organisation
makes company’s upload regularly and allows public to request information
what are the three offences in the computer misuse act 1990
1) gaining unauthorized access to a private network or device
2) Gaining unathorised access to a network or device in order to commit a crime
3) unauthorised modification of computer material
what is the creative commons license
allow you to share media and software online without having to ask for permission first
what are the four main types of creative commons licence
attribution
share-alike
Non-commercial
No derivative works
what are the conditions of the attribution licence
work can be shared, copied or modified, but the copyright holder has to be credited
what are the conditions of the share-alike licence
modified works can only be distributed with the same license terms as the original
what are the conditions of the non commercial licence
nobody can use the copyrighted work for profit
what are the conditions of the no derivative works licence
the work can be copied and distributed, but can’t be modified or built upon
what is the copyright act 1988
makes it illegal to share copyrighted files without permission use unlicensed software or plagiarise
what is the patents act 1988
protect ideas and concepts
where does a lot of illegal file sharing take place
over peer to peer networks using torrent
