section 3: classification & evolution - topic 1: classification basics Flashcards
what is classification?
the act of arranging organisms into groups based on their similarities and differences
^ this makes it easier for scientists to identify and study them
what is taxonomy?
the study of classification
what are the 8 taxonomic groups?
- domain
- kingdom
- phylum
- class
- order
- family
- genus
- species
what is the naming system used for classification?
the binomial system
what is the organisation of a species’ name?
first part = genus & has a capital letter
second part = species & has a lower case letter
^ always written in italics OR underlined if handwritten
what are the 5 kingdoms?
- prokaryotae
- protoctista
- fungi
- plantae
- animalia
what is an example of prokaryotae?
bacteria
what are the features of prokaryotae?
- prokaryotic
- unicellular
- no nucleus
- less than 5 micrometers (ym)
what are examples of proctoctista?
algae
protozoa
what are the features of protoctista?
- eukaryotic
- usually live in water
- single-celled OR simple multicellular organisms
what are examples of fungi?
moulds
yeasts
mushrooms
what are the features of fungi?
- eukaryotic
- chitin cell wall
- sapotrphic (absorb substances from dead/decaying organisms)
- single-celled or multicellular
what are examples of plantae?
mosses
ferns
flowering plants
what are the features of plantae?
- eukaryotic
- multicellular
- cellulose cell walls
- can photosynthesise
- contain chlorophyll
- autotrophic (produce their own food)
what are examples of animalia?
nematodes (roundworms)
molluscs
insects
fish
reptiles
birds
mammals
