Section 3: Bonding - Ionic Bonding Flashcards
Which bonds form between elements with large differences in their electronegativity?
Ionic bonds
Which bonds form between elements with small differences in their electronegativity?
Covalent bonds
How are ions formed?
Ions are formed when electrons are transferred between atoms in order to make an ion with only complete electron shells.
What holds ions together?
Electrostatic attraction holds ions together , post ions are held to negative ions .
Explain how an ionic compound can have a neutral overall charge.
NaCl is an ionic compound sodium (Na) is a group 1 element it has 1 electron in its outer shell it therefore looses an electron to become a Na + ion , it donates the electron it looses to chlorine which needs an extra electron to complete its outer most shell having only 7 electrons of its own , this gives chlorine a negative charge cl- , the positive sodium ion and negative chlorine atom are electrostatic ally attracted to each other having opposite charges.
Do ionic substances conduct electricity?
Ionic substances do conduct electricity when thy are molten or dissolved but not when they are solid , this is because ions can carry a charge when they are liquid however not when they are solid as they must remain n a fixed position.
How would you describe the melting point of an ionic compound and why would you describe it this way ?
the melting point of an ionic compound is high as there are strong electrostatic forces of attraction between positive and negative ions which require lots of energy to over come.
Are ionic compounds soluble?
Yes ionic compounds are solvable they dissolve in water as they are charged particles and water molecules are polar so can pull apart the ionic lattice and thus dissolve it.
