Section 3 Approach Control Flashcards
What service is provided inside Class A,C and D airspace?
Air Traffic Control Service with or without surveillance;
Alerting Service.
(Aircraft are required to comply with air traffic control instructions).
An Approach Control unit at an aerodrome within controlled airspace shall provide ATC Services to aircraft, according to the classification of the airspace within which the aerodrome is located, from the time and place at which… (3)
(1) arriving aircraft are released by Area Control until control is transferred to Aerodrome Control;
(2) aircraft approaching from OCAS place themselves under the control of Approach Control until control is transferred to Aerodrome Control;
(3) departing aircraft are taken over from Aerodrome Control until:
(a) they are transferred to Area Control; or
(b) they are clear of controlled airspace.
(4) overflying aircraft are within the relevant controlled airspace
An Approach Control unit at an aerodrome outside controlled airspace shall provide ATS to aircraft, as determined by the Aerodrome Operator and approved by the CAA, from the time and place at which… (3)
(1) arriving aircraft place themselves under the control of Approach Control until control is transferred to Aerodrome Control;
(2) departing aircraft are taken over from Aerodrome Control until they no longer wish to receive a service or are 10 minutes flying time away from the aerodrome, whichever is the sooner;
(3) overflying aircraft place themselves under the control of Approach Control until they are clear of the approach pattern and either no longer wish to receive a service or are 10 minutes flying time away from the aerodrome, whichever is the sooner.
Approach Control shall supply the following information to Aerodrome Control…
(1) Pertinent data on all relevant flights including the type of flight, i.e. IFR or VFR, level of arriving aircraft and ETA;
(2) The anticipated order in which control of aircraft is to be transferred;
(3) The anticipated delay to departing IFR flights together with the reason for the delay.
Approach Control shall co-ordinate with Aerodrome Control… (3)
(1) Aircraft approaching to land, if necessary requesting clearance to land;
(2) Arriving aircraft which are to be cleared to visual holding points;
(3) Aircraft routeing through the traffic circuit
Aerodrome Control shall co-ordinate with Approach Control… (2)
(1) Departing IFR flights;
(2) Arriving aircraft which make their first call on the tower frequency (unless they are transferred to Approach Control)
IFR flights operating with visual reference to the surface may be transferred by Approach Control to Aerodrome Control in the following circumstances…
(1) When an aircraft carrying out an instrument approach has become ‘number 1 to land’, and for following aircraft when they are established on final approach and have been provided with the appropriate separation from preceding aircraft;
(2) Aircraft operating in the traffic circuit;
(3) Aircraft approaching visually below all cloud when the reported aerodrome visibility is 10 km or more. When the reported visibility consists of two values, the lower of the two values shall be used when determining whether an aircraft may be transferred to Aerodrome Control.
When does Transfer of Communication take place between APR and ADC?
For the purpose of obtaining landing clearance and essential
aerodrome information, when the aircraft has become number one to approach and, for following aircraft, when they are established on final approach and have been provided with appropriate separation.
Until such aircraft are flying with visual reference to the surface the responsibility for separation between them shall remain with Approach Control.
Aerodrome Control shall not issue any instructions or advice that would reduce the separation established by Approach Control.
When should APC transfer VFR flights to ADC?
Approach Control shall retain all arriving VFR flights under its control until appropriate traffic information on IFR flights and other VFR flights has been issued and co-ordination effected with Aerodrome Control.
You should never descend an a/c below the minimum terrain safe level, unless …
Where altitudes to be assigned on particular routes have been specifically approved by the CAA
Aerodrome Operating Minima vary depending on… (8)
(1) aircraft type and its navigation equipment;
(2) flight crew composition, competence, experience, and flight techniques used;
(3) runway dimensions and characteristics;
(4) availability and performance of visual and non-visual ground aids;
(5) obstacles in the approach, missed approach, and climb out areas;
(6) the obstacle clearance height for the instrument procedures;
(7) the means to determine and report met conditions; and
(8) special provisions pertinent to low visibility procedures.
Controllers are not responsible for determining, passing or enforcing a pilot’s Aerodrome Operating Minima.
However, controllers should report any occurrence which they consider has endangered, or if not corrected would have endangered an aircraft, its occupants, or any other person.
TRUE or FALSE
True
What is a visual approach?
To expedite traffic at any time, IFR flights, either within or outside CAS, may be authorised to execute visual approaches if the pilot reports that visual reference to the surface can be maintained and:
What is the criteria for a visual approach?
(1) the reported cloud ceiling is at or above the level of the beginning of the initial approach segment; or
(2) the pilot reports at any time after commencing the approach procedure that the visibility will permit a visual approach and landing, and a reasonable assurance exists that this can be accomplished.
Can you clear an a/c for a visual approach when the RVR is less than 800m?
No
‘Visual approach unavailable, report your intentions’
Do you need to change the service of a DS, when descending on a visual approach OCAS?
When flights carrying out visual approaches descend below the unit’s terrain safe level, controllers shall not provide DS, and should instead provide a Traffic Service;
‘Cleared for the Visual Approach Rwy23, Descend not below 3500ft until advised’.
Don’t forget about Wake Turbulence
Do you need to change the service of a TS, when descending on a visual approach OCAS?
Subject to maintenance of surveillance identity, there is no
requirement to change the level of service provided
Don’t forget about Wake Turbulence
For aircraft holding (TD) The first aircraft will descend from the lowest level of the holding stack and commence approach when instructed. When does the second aircraft start to descend to the first aircrafts previous level?
After the first aircraft has reported vacating it.
If, however, severe turbulence is known to exist, the instruction shall be withheld until the first aircraft has reported at least 1,000 ft below the vacated level.
When can the second aircraft leave the holding facility and descend for the approach?
When the required separation has been established between it and the preceding aircraft and reasonable assurance exists that a normal landing can be accomplished.
Should EAT’s be issued if the delay is less than 20minutes?
and what statement is used by the ATCO?
No
’ No delay expected’
What is the phraseology used for aircraft holding for weather improvement?
first aircraft “no traffic delay expected”
Subsequent aircraft “delay not determined (number) aircraft holding for weather improvement”.
ATC clearances issued by Approach Control shall specify any or all of the following… (4)
(1) Turn after take-off;
(2) Track to make good before turning on to desired heading;
(3) Initial level to fly;
(4) Time, point, and/or rate at which changes of level are made.
What is include within ATS surveillance service? (5)
(1) Surveillance Radar Approaches;
(2) Vectoring/sequencing to a pilot interpreted final approach aid;
(3) Flightpath monitoring of approaches utilising a pilot interpreted final approach aid;
(4) ATS surveillance services to departing aircraft;
(5) ATS surveillance services to transit aircraft, through an area for which Approach Radar Control is responsible.
An approach surveillance controller shall not take control of an inbound aircraft unless…. (2)
(1) it has been transferred to the approach surveillance controller by the approach controller; or
(2) it is the subject of a ‘radar release’ from Area Control.
What is an ATC Surveillance Minimum Altitude Charts (ATCSMACs) and where are they published?
Are published in the UK AIP; they indicate the minimum altitudes available to the controller when vectoring arriving aircraft.
Unless specifically requested by a pilot or MATS Part 2 prescribes otherwise, a/c shall be vectored so as to be established on the final approach track of an instrument approach procedure at a distance no closer than…. (2)
(a) 2 NM before the Final Approach Fix (FAF) for an ILS, MLS, VOR, NDB approach or SRA; or
(b) the Intermediate Fix (IF) waypoint for an RNP approach.
Allocated closing headings should not be greater than ____° (or not greater than ___° for independent parallel approaches) offset from the final approach track.
45° and 30°
What is a Precision Approach?
Gives the pilot both lateral and vertical guidance
What is a Non-Precision Approach?
Gives the pilot lateral guidance
An aircraft shall be instructed to carry out a missed approach in any of the following circumstances…(3)
(1) On instructions from Approach/Aerodrome Control;
(2) When no landing clearance is received before 2 NM from touchdown (or such other range agreed with Aerodrome Control);
(3) When it appears to be dangerously positioned on final approach.
An aircraft is to be advised to carry out a missed approach in any of the following circumstances…(3)
(1) If it reaches a position from which it appears that a successful approach cannot be completed;
(2) If it is not visible on the situation display for any significant interval during the last 2 NM of the approach;
(3) If the position or identification of the aircraft is in doubt during any portion of the final approach.
If a pilot initiates a missed approach due to a windshear alert
generated from onboard aircraft systems, controllers should be prepared for the aircraft to exceed the missed approach altitude.
TRUE or FALSE
True
