Section 3 Flashcards by Marissa Wroblewski

I can enjoy diving in many different aquatic environments that include coral reefs, flooded quarries and human made dive environments
True/false

True

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Conditions that may affect me while diving include (choose all that apply)
A. Temperature
B. Water movement
C. Sunlight
D. Aquatic life
E. Bottom composition

All of them

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In most (but not all) environments, as I go deeper the water gets
A. Warmer
B. Colder
C. Fresher

B. Colder

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Although somewhat subjective, I measure visibility as how far I can see ____ underwater
A. Horizontally
B. Vertically upward
C. Vertically downward

A. Horizontally

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Particles made of fine material affect visibility by
A. Remaining suspended for long periods
B. Settling out of the water relatively quickly
C. Being easily disturbed by fin kicks or natural forces

A. Remaining suspended for long

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When diving in reduced visibility, it’s a good idea to descend and ascend with a reference
True/false

True

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When diving in clear water, I don’t have to worry as much about staying close to my buddy
True/false

False
In clear water, you may get too far from your buddy because you can still see each other. As a rule of thumb, stay within two seconds of each other

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The two types of water motion that most affect me as a diver are waves and current
True/false

True

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When diving in a mild current, normally I want to begin my dive ____ the current
A. Across
B. Headed into
C. Going with

B. Headed into

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If I were caught in a current and carried downstream past my planned exit, I would swim ____ the current
A. Across
B. Headed into
C. Going with

A. Across

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Due to a problem, my buddy and I had to surface away from the boat. There is a current, so we swam across it to reach the line trailed from the boat, but the current pushed us too quickly. To avoid overexertion, we should
A. establish positive buoyancy, signal the boat to pick us up and remain calm
B. Descend to the bottom and swim against the current there
C. Alternately fight the current and rest by towing each other

A. establish positive buoyancy, signal the boat to pick us up and remain calm

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When I’m diving, I want to avoid bottom contact because (choose all that apply)
A. it helps keep the water clearer
B. There may be some hazard of cuts, scrapes, or stings
C. Fragile aquatic life could be damaged

All of them

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The most common injury divers suffer may be
A. Lung overexpansion
B. Aquatic animal bites
C. Sunburn

C. Sunburn

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Within the recreational depth range, very distinct temperature changes are the most common in ____ water environments
A. Salt
B. fresh

B. Fresh

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I learn to assess dive conditions by reading dive magazines and online sources about diving
True/false

False
You learn to assess dive conditions based on what other divers and your instructor show you, and based on experience diving and continuing your education

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If any aspect of a dive, including my assessment of the environment, causes me significant concern and/or anxiety, I should
A. Be very cautious during the dive
B. Determine how to handle the concern, or not dive
C. Continue if my buddy has no concerns

B. Determine how to handle the concern, or not dive

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Local orientations are important for safety and for
A. Making my dives more enjoyable
B. Letting me try out new gear
C. Meeting new buddies

A. Making my dives more enjoyable
You may sometimes get to use new gear and/or meet new buddies when diving in a new environment, but an orientation is always important for safety and enjoyment

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“diving within my limits” simply means diving with the limits of my (choose all that apply)
A. Training
B. Experience
C. Comfort

All of them

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One way to exceeding my limits can increase my risk is by exposing me to hazards that I’m not prepared to handle or may not even recognize until it’s too late
True/false

True

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Diving with an experienced diver and gaining dive experience are two ways to generally expand my limits, but they don’t replace training for activities that require training
True/false

True

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While planning a dive, my buddy (who is not an instructor) suggests that we dive significantly deeper than I have either training or experience wit. My best response is to
A. Agree if my buddy has enough experience diving that deep
B. Make the dive but be prepared to abort at any time
C. Politely say “no” and propose a depth limit appropriate for my limits

C. Politely say “no” and propose a depth limit appropriate for my limits

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The type of interaction I should generally have with aquatic life is
A. Active
B. Passive

B. Passive

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Potentially hazardous aquatic animals are, broadly, those that \_\_\_\_ and those that \_\_\_\_.
A. Attack, flee
B. Bite, sting
C. Sting/puncture, bite
D. Attack, sting/puncture

C. Sting/puncture, bite

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Nearly all injuries from aquatic life result from
A. Human carelessness
B. Breeding behavior
C. Species aggression
D. Spearfishing

A. Human carelessness

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I should be familiar with potentially hazardous organisms that may be in the local environment, where I would find them and how they could harm me True/false

True

I can learn more about handling aquatic life injuries (and other emergencies) in the PADI Rescue Diver and Emergency First Response Primary Care (CPR) and Secondary Care (First Aid) courses True/false

True

While underwater near a kelp forest, my buddy and I see a large shark approach. we should A. Use our cutting tools B. Immediately surface and signal the boat C. swim rapidly toward it D. Remain calm, near the bottom and watch it

D. remain calm, near the bottom and watch it

Laws and regulations about aquatic life exist to preserve and protect organisms, and also for human safety True/false

True

One potential hazard of some plants and kelp is A. toxic spines B. Entanglement C poisoning the water

B. Entanglement

Project AWARE involves me and other divers as part of a movement to help keep our ocean clean and full of healthy, abundant marine life True/false

True

When wading into water while shore diving, the general procedure is to put my fins on in water about knee deep, then walk backward until I can swim True/false

False | The general procedure is to wade until your BCD can support you - about chest deep - then put your fins on

``` ____ and ____ generally determine the best way to wade in and out or how soon I put my fins on A. Equipment, water temperature B. Visibility, bottom composition C. Aquatic life, equipment D. Bottom composition, aquatic life ```

D. Bottom composition, aquatic life

When shore diving, I always have a long surface swim before descending and after ascending True/false

False | How far you swim before descending and/or after ascending varies with the dive site

``` My buddy and I are assessing conditions for s shore dive. the waves are breaking when they are about 1 m/3 ft tall. About how deep is the water where they break? A. .5 m/1.5 Ft B. 1 m/3 Ft C. 2 m/6 Ft D. 3 m/10 Ft ```

B. 1m/3 Ft

Diving in moderate to large surf requires special training. Diving in large and rough surf can be hazardous True/false

True

``` My buddy and I experience mild surge after entering the water. We may be able to adjust for this by diving A. Shallower B. Deeper C. Facing the shore D facing away from shore ```

B. Deeper

While assessing conditions, my buddy and I note that there are waves approaching shore from an angle. Our dive plan should account for having A. A current that moves us parallel to shore B. A current that moves us perpendicular to shore C. No noticeable current

A. A current that moves us parallel to shore

By accident, I find myself in a strong current rushing rapidly away from shore. Generally, I should inflate my BCD and swim A. With the current B. Against the current C. Parallel to shore

C. Parallel to shore

The wind has been blowing from shore for several days. During a dive, it is likely I wild find ____ water A. Cooler, clearer B. Warmer, clearer

A. Cooler, clearer

Tides affect conditions related to diving including (choose all that apply) A. Currents B. Depth C. Visibility

All of them

``` While entering through mild surf, ad a wave approaches I should stand A. With my back toward it B. Facing the sea C. Behind my buddy D. Sideways to it ```

C. Sideways to it

``` While packing my gear bag for a boat dive, I want to pack it so A. What I need first is on top B. What I need first is on the bottom C. I can easily empty it while aboard D. It carries my cylinder and weights ```

A. What I need first is on top

It is recommended that I avoid excessive alcohol the night before a dive, or before any day of diving True/false

True

While on a boat, I begin to feel seasick, but I don't feel like am going to be sick. the best place to go is A. Into the head (toilet facilities) B. as high and far from the water as possible C. The windward rail D. Into fresh air, close to the water level in the center of the boat

D. into fresh air, close to the water level in the center of the boat

A roll call (or other method to verify everyone is aboard before leaving each dive site) is important for my safety True/false

True

It is important to secure my equipment on a boat in rough conditions, but it is not important in calm conditions True/false

False Secure your equipment even in calm conditions because an unexpected wave (a passing boa's wake, for example) may cause it to fall and injure someone, break something or fall overboard

Generally, if I hear the dive boat's recall signal, I should A. return to the mooring/anchor line and wait for further instructions B. Return to the boat and surface C. Surface with my buddy where we are and look to the boat for instructions

C. Surface with my buddy where we are and look to the boat for instructions

It's a good idea to avoid walking with fins on any more than I must True/false

True

My buddy nada I are diving and there is a slight current. when we reach the bottom, we want to swim ____ the current for the first part of the dive A. Into B. With C. across

A. into

While making a safety stop at the end of a dive, I notice that some loose line has snagged on the boat propeller, and could severely entangle it when the engine starts. I would A. Disentangle the line from the propeller B. Use a cutting tool to clear the line from the propeller C. Stay away from the propeller and report the problem to the crew

C. Stay away from the propeller and report the problem to the crew

I don't want to swim just below the surface because A. It is hard to navigate well B. Boats can't see me, and could hit me C. the risk of aquatic animal bites is higher

B. Boats can't see me, and could hit me

I have just exited the water onto a boat by climbing a ladder with all my gear on except fins. Once aboard, first I should A. Check my remaining air supply, or have my buddy check it for me B. Write down data from my dive computer, or ask the divemaster do so C. Sit down as soon as possible, or have someone help me out of my kit

C. Sit down as soon as possible, or have someone help me out of my kit

``` My buddy and I are boat diving with a mild current. after entering, we would use the ____ line to pull ourselves to the ____ line, which we will descend along to the bottom A. Trail, swim B. Swim, mooring/anchor C. Trail, mooring/anchor D. Mooring/anchor, swim ```

B. Swim, mooring/anchor

During a boat dive in mild to moderate current, my buddy and I lose our grips on the mooring line as we are coming up. We should A. surface and swim across the current to reach the trail line B. swim against the current to return to the mooring line C. Surface and swim against the current back to the boat D. Descend and swim with the current

A. Surface and swim across the current to reach the trail line

My buddy and I surface and discover that the boat is nowhere in sight. we are beyond sight of shore and there is no mooring buoy or anchored float. we should A. Swim perpendicular to the current, if there is one B. use our compasses to swim toward land C. Swim against the current, if there is one D. Inflate the BCDs, use our surface signaling devices and wait for pick up

D. Inflate our BCDs, use our surface signaling devices and wait for pick up

The four stages of dive planning are advance planning, preparation planning, last minute preparation and predive planning True/false

True

``` Typically, I decide on a dive buddy(ies) or dive operator (boat or resort) during ____. A. advance planning B. Preparation planning C. Last minute preparation D. Predive planning ```

A. Advance planning

``` ____ is what I do a few hours before, to right up to when I leave for the dive site A. Advance planning B. Preparation planning C. Last minute preparation D. Predive planning ```

C. Last minute preparation

``` I want to begin ____ at least a day or two before the dive A. advance planning B. Preparation planning C. Last minute preparation D. Predive planning ```

B. Preparation planning

``` During ____, my buddy and I settle on details and make decisions based upon what we find at the dive site A. Advance planning B. Preparation planning C. Last minute preparation D. Predive planning ```

D. Predive planning

Considerations for extended dive travel may include (choose all that apply) A. what gear to take B. Having my logbook and certification with me C. Researching the destination D. Planning activities other than diving

All of them

My buddy and I have surfaced from a dive. The water is completely calm and there is no clear need to keep my mask on. Following the approach to diving that helps prevent problems, I would A. Remove my mask if I want B. Keep my mask on C. Partially remove my mask

B. keep my mask on

Under stress, I tend to do what I do by habit | True/false

True

Continuing my diver education can extend and refine the emergency skills I learn in this course True/false

True

I can prevent or control most dive problems that occur at the surface by diving within my limits, relaxing while I dive and A. Becoming and staying buoyant B reserving 50 bar/500 psi in my cylinder C. diving with a buddy D. carrying a cutting tool

A. The other choices are important safe diving practices, becoming and staying buoyant is specific to preventing and controlling dive problems on the surface

If a diving related problem occurs at the surface, I should immediately switch from my snorkel to my regulator True/false

False | You should immediately establish buoyancy by inflating your BCD and/or dropping your weights

``` I can tell if my buddy is in control (not panicked) with a problem at the surface if my buddy (choose all that apply) A. Has no mask on B. Appears relatively relaxed C. asks for help D. Has not established buoyancy E. follows instructions F. Breathes from the snorkel or regulator G. Struggles violently ```

B, C, E, F | Appears relatively relaxed, asks for help, follows instructions, and breathes from the snorkel or regulator

When assisting a response diver at the surface, I always begin by A. clamming the diver B. helping the diver establish breathing control C. Swimming to the diver D. Establishing buoyancy for myself and the diver

D. Establishing buoyancy for myself and the diver

After establishing buoyancy for both of us, the primary concerns with an unresponsive diver at the surface are ____ and ____ A. Determining what happened, ensuring buddy safety B. Equipment function, confirming air supply C. Air supply, check for a pulse D. Checking for breathing, providing rescue breaths if needed

D. Checking for breathing, providing rescue breaths if needed

My buddy doesn't move while floating at the surface, so I tap my buddy's shoulder. my buddy signals "okay." I should disregard this signal and assume my buddy is unresponsive True/false

False | A diver who responds to communication is not unresponsive

When assisting an unresponsive diver at the surface, if I find the victim isn't breathing, I should A. Provide rescue breaths B. Signal the divemaster to provide rescue breaths C. check the diver's regulator for proper function

A. provide rescue breaths

To prevent and control underwater problems, I should (choose all that apply) A. Relax while I dive B. Plan my air use C. dive within my limits

All of them

``` While diving, I begin to feel air starved because I have been swimming hard. I should A. Signal "stop" and rest B. Immediately ascend C descend slightly C switch to an alternate air source ```

A. Signal "stop" and rest

To breathe from a freeflowing regulator, I should hold the second stage A. Firmly in my mouth B. About .3 m/1 Ft from my mouth C. With the mouthpiece pressed against my lips

C. With the mouthpiece pressed against my lips

If I were to become entangled underwater, I should A. stop, think and work to free myself B. Turn side to side until free C. Wait for someone to rescue to me

A. stop, think and work to free myself

During a dive, I find I am running low on air sooner than expected. My buddy and I are still several minutes from our planned ascent point, but I am almost at reserve pressure. We should A. Use the reserve to continue to out planned ascent point B. Ascend immediately where we are

B. Ascend immediately where we are

Although it shouldn't have happened, on a dive I fail to watch my SPG and run out of air. I don't have a pony bottle or self contained ascent bottle. My buddy is close at hand - less than two seconds away, and has an alternate second stage. my best option is probably to A. Make a normal ascent B. Ascend using an alternate air source C. Make a Controlled Emergency Swimming Ascent D. make a buoyant Germany ascent

B. Ascend using an alternate air source

If I am bringing an unresponsive diver to the surface and the victim becomes too buoyant to control, I should stay with the victim even if our ascent is too fast True/false

False | You should let the victim go, complete your ascent at a safe rate, and resume the rescue at the surface

``` A diver who is or was unresponsive may have which of the following signs and symptoms? (choose all that apply) A difficulty breathing B. Elevated body temperature C. unconsciousness D. Cardiac and respiratory arrest E. Chest pain F. Hyperactivity G inappropriate humor ```

A, C, D, E | Difficulty breathing, unconsciousness, cardiac and respiratory arrest, hyperactivity

``` My first priority when assisting someone who is or was unresponsive is to contact emergency medical care and to A. Keep the victim warm B. Administer emergency oxygen C. Write down background information D. Be sure the person is breathing ```

D. Be sure the person is breathing

A diver who was unresponsive is breathing. nonetheless, I should check breathing frequently while waiting for emergency medical care True/false

True

A diver who was unresponsive underwater has become fully responsive, is fully alert and shows no apparent further problems. the diver still requires medical examination True/false

True

``` At a minimum, I should have ____ visual and ____ audible surface signaling devices A. 1, 1 B. 2, 1 C. 1, 2 D. 2, 2 ```

A. 1, 1

``` The visual signaling device that I might use to signal aircraft is a(n) A. Inflatable signal tube B. Signal mirror C. DDMB D. Aircraft flag ```

B. Signal mirror

One possible use for a surface float is to use it to assist another diver True/false

True

``` My buddy and I are using a surface float. We should carry the line with which we will tow it A. Coiled up in one hand B. Clipped to my BCD C. Wrapped around the float D. attached to a line caddy or reel ```

D. Attached to a line caddy or reel

I use a dive flag so that boaters and other watercraft know that I'm underwater and should keep clear True/false

True

The ____ flag indicates that a vessel has divers in the water and can't maneuver A. Alpha B. Traditional dive

True

``` If there are no specific laws, the rule of thumb is that I should stay within ____ of my dive flag A. 60 m/200 Ft B. 30 m/100 Ft C. 15 m/50 Ft D. 8 m/25 Ft ```

C. 15 m/50 ft