Section 2: Introduction To Information Technology Flashcards
1
Q
What is a systems administrator responsible for?
A
Providing technical support for hardware and software issues end users encounter, such as log-in issues.
2
Q
What are the requirements to become a System Administrator?
A
Associates degree or higher and a basic understanding of network vulnerabilities and security issues.
CompTIA Network +
CompTIA Security +
3
Q
What is a network administrator responsible for?
A
Designing, planning, setting up, and maintaining an organizations network.
4
Q
What requirements do you need to be a network administrator?
A
An associates degree or higher, network troubleshooting experience and effective problem solving skills.
CompTIA +
CompTIA Network +
CompTIA Security +
5
Q
What are the responsibilities of a Database Administrator?
A
Responsible for installing and configuring databases. This position also fixes database errors and creates user accounts.
6
Q
What requirements do you need to become a database administrator?
A
Bachelors degree in computer science or computer engineering.
MYSQL
Oracle Database Certifications.
7
Q
What is a security administrator?
A
Responsible for installing, administering, and troubleshooting network security issues.
8
Q
What is required to become a security administrator?
A
An associates or bachelors degree in computer science, cybersecurity, or a related field. Also requires a deep understanding of IT infrastructures, including protocols, operating systems, and networks.
CompTIA Security + is a certification that demonstrates up to date knowledge skills.
9
Q
What is a web administrator?
A
Responsible for troubleshooting error messages employees encounter when attempting to access their organization’s website. Also responsible for tracking, compiling, and analyzing website usage data. Reports security breaches to the appropriate personnel.
10
Q
What is required to become a web administrator?
A
Requires an associates or bachelors degree in computer science, information technology, or a similar field.
However, with a rise in non traditional education, employers are hiring self-taught programmers as long as they have a solid web portfolio.
11
Q
What are the responsibilities of a Cloud Architect?
A
Responsible for overseeing a companies cloud computing systems.
12
Q
What is required to become a Cloud Architect?
A
A bachelors in computer science, computer engineering, information technology, or another relevant field. Strong understanding of operating systems such as LINUX, UNIX, and Windows is required.
CompTIA Cloud Essentials Certification
13
Q
What is a network architect responsible for?
A
Responsible for designing networks and monitoring traffic. Position is responsible for installing routers and modems and upgrading hardware and software that are essential for the network to function properly.
14
Q
What is required to become a network architect?
A
Bachelors degree in computer science, information systems, information technology, ora related IT field is recommended.
CompTIA A+
VMware Certified Professional and other industry certifications can help an individual qualify for a computer network architect job.
15
Q
What are the responsibilities of an Automation Architect?
A
Responsible for modernizing business processes and developing reasons or rationales for or against a process being automated.
16
Q
What is required to become an automation architect?
A
Prefers a bachelors degree with accompanying hands-on experience of application design and architect experience.
17
Q
What are the responsibilities of a cybersecurity architect?
A
Responsible for designing, building, testing, and implementing security systems within an organizations information technology network. An individual within this position requires a thorough understanding of an organizations IT systems to anticipate possible network security breaches.
18
Q
What is required to become a cybersecurity architect?
A
An associates or bachelors degree in IT, computer science, or a related field is recommended.
Advanced IT security certifications such as CompTIA Security + may be advantageous to demonstrate up-to-date knowledge and skills.
19
Q
What are the responsibilities of Machine Learning Engineers?
A
Responsible for allowing an organization to take full control of its data. Application developers and computer programmers with data analytical skills can transition to this.
20
Q
What are the requirements to become a machine learning engineer
A
Experience in Python R
Java with a background in this disciplines framework is required.
21
Q
What are the responsibilities of a Software Engineer?
A
Design and develop software that makes hardware and software systems work, including operating systems, database systems, and embedded systems.
Need to understand hardware and software.
Work with clients and colleagues to understand requirements and perform detailed technical work. Typically work in IT, Electronics, or telecommunication companies in roles such as application programmers, software developers, and software architects.
22
Q
What is required to become a software engineer?
A
Proficiency in working on complex software projects, accompanied by a bachelors degree in math, computer science, software engineering, or information technology is recommended.
23
Q
What are the responsibilities of a network engineer?
A
Hardware engineers, network designers, and network engineers set up, configure, maintain, and upgrade systems where data resides and that support the exchange of information, including communication systems and networks. Ensure that the security of data and information is appropriate and that companies have processes and procedures in place to enable business operations to continue in the event of a disaster. Anyone working in the IT department needs to have a deep understand of networks and systems.
24
Q
What is required to become a network engineer?
A
Must have a deep understanding of networks and systems. Should have the ability to communicate, plan, analyze, and solve problems effectively.
25
What are the responsibilities of a cloud engineer?
Use their technical and analytical skills to help companies identify opportunities for migrating a part or all of their infrastructure to the cloud, supporting the more efficient use of resources and improving IT operations. Design and set up automation, cloud storage, data centers, virtual servers, and web services with an emphasis on a particular solution’s cost, benefits to users, and security of data processing.
26
What are the responsibilities of Technical Support?
Supports, monitors, and maintains workplace technology and responds to user requests for help. Titles for _________ __________ in an organization include help desk specialist and IT Support specialist.
27
What is required to get a job in technical support?
Need a wide range of IT knowledge, problem-solving skills, and patience to help users benefit from the available technology. Most IT professionals start their career in this role.
No higher education is required for entry-level positions, however individuals with a bachelors degree in computer science, software engineering, information technology or a related field are qualified.
28
What are the responsibilities of a systems analyst?
__________ __________, product specialists, systems engineers, solutions specialists, and technical designers investigate business problems and create information systems to provide solutions.
29
What is required to become a systems analyst?
Require both business and technical knowledge and rely on effective communication to understand clients’ requirements.
A bachelors in a computer-related field is recommended. As an organizations reliance on IT continues to expand, reliance on _____ ______ will continue to grow.
30
What are the responsibilities of a data analyst?
Organizations gather data from customers and internal operations to identify opportunities to improve business operations. __________ __________ use statistical and other quantitative methods to gain insights that support the organizations decision making. Use their analytical expertise and presentation skills to tell the stories hidden in the data.
31
What are the responsibilities of a security analyst?
Responsible for monitoring an organizations network for security breaches. The role of this specific job will continue to grow as organizations continue to encounter network attacks.
32
What is required to become a security analyst
Most of these possess at least a bachelors degree in computer science, programming or a related field.
33
What are the responsibilities of a cybersecurity specialist?
Work with organizations to keep their information systems and ensure integrity, confidentiality, and availability of data. They determine which users require access to what information and then plan, coordinate, and implement information security solutions.
Use their specialized expertise to help identify and protect against threats such as malware, phishing, viruses, denial of service attacks and information warfare.
34
What are the responsibilities of technical consultants?
Provide technical expertise by developing and implementing IT systems for external clients.
35
What is required to become a technical consultant?
SKills that are of particular importance for these roles are communication, presentation, technical and business understanding, project management, and teamwork.
36
What are the responsibilities of project managers?
Organizes people, time, and other resources to make sure projects meet requirements and are completed on time and within budget.
37
What is required to become a project manager?
good organization, problem-solving skills, communication skills, and an ability to stay calm and focused under pressure.
A bachelors degree in business administration or related discipline is recommended.
38
What are the responsibilities of a web developer?
Builds and maintains websites and their infrastructure. Tasks range from technical to creative and include multimedia elements and the user interface. Typically more involved with the infrastructure such as installing web services, configuring authentication (if any) and managing database connections.
39
What is required to become a web developer?
Need to understand client-side, server-side and database web technologies. Must have sharp analytical thinking and problem-solving skills and creativity.
40
What are the responsibilities of software testers.
Responsible for creating, documenting, and executing manuallly created test plans and procedures relating to system anomalies. Apply attention to detail, creativity, and analytical and investigative thinking skills to prepare testing scenarios to discover issues of a system. Try to anticipate all the ways an application or system might be used and how it could fail. Then they communicate their findings to the project team to identify solutions that will mitigate these issues.
41
What is required to become a software tester?
No formal education is required.
Experience in various programming languages is recommended though.
42
What are the responsibilities of technical sales?
Identify and help clients adopt IT services or technologies.
43
What is required to work in technical sales?
Require both technical knowledge and the ability to communicate solutions or services to an organization. Product knowledge, negotiation skills, interpersonal skills and business awareness are some key attributes.
44
Which statement describes the role of a network administrator? A. Network administrator are responsible for maintaining websites.
B. Network administrator are responsible for the installation and maintenance of hardware and software that make up a computer network.
C. Network administrators are accountable for the installation and maintenance of the resources on a network.
D. Network administrators have a long list of essential responsibilities but mostly focus on the design, development and support of database management systems.
B. Network administrators are responsible for the installation and maintenance of hardware and software that make up a computer network.
45
Which statement about the systems analyst role is accurate?
A. The role includes choosing appropriate network hardware.
B. The role includes securing an organizations network.
C. The role includes both business and technical knowledge and relies on effective communication to understand clients requirements.
D. The role includes planning the allocation of network addresses across an organization.
C. The role includes both business and technical knowledge and relies on effective communication to understand the clients requirements.
46
Which statement describes the role of a systems administrator?
A. Systems administrators are responsible for monitoring an organizations network for security breaches
B. System administrators are responsible for creating, documenting and executing manually created test plans and procedures relating to system anomalities.
C. Systems administrators are responsible for designing and developing software that makes hardware and software systems work.
D. System administrators are responsible for supporting, monitoring, and maintaining workplace technology and end users.
D.
47
Which role is responsible for maintaining websites?
A. Data Analyst
B. Network Engineer
C. Cloud Architect
D. Web Administrator.
D
48
Which task describes the role of a database administrator?
A. Working with organizations to keep their information systems secure and ensuring integrity, confidentiality and availability of data.
B. Creating, documenting, executing, and manually creating test plans and procedures relating to system anomalies.
C. Integrating data from legacy systems to newer systems and playing a role in application design and development.
D. Organizing people, time, and other resources to make sure projects meet requirements and are completed on time and within budget.
C.
49
What is another title for web administrator? Choose 2.
A. Web developer
B. Cybersecurity Specialist
C. Web Server Administrator
D. Webmaster
C. And D.
50
Although database administrators have many responsibilities, their focus is the design, development, and support of database management systems (DBMSs)
True
False
True
51
What is the primary duty of a computer support specialist?
A. The computer support specialist is mainly responsible for allowing an organization to take full control of its data.
B. The computer support specialist provides mostly technical expertise by developing and implementing IT systems by external clients.
C. The computer support specialist primarily operates as a trainer and troubleshooter.
D. The computer support specialist primarily identifies and helps clients adopt IT services or technologies.
C.
52
Which of the following describes a computer support specialist’s responsibilities? Choose 3.
A. Working the help desk
B. Training help-desk personnel
C. Overseeing help-desk personnel
D. Using statistical and other quantative methods to gain insights that support the organizations decision-making.
A.
B.
C.
53
What is IT?
The technology used to create, maintain, and make information available. Supports the technology needed to develop, maintain, and use computer hardware and software along with network connectivity and performance.
54
Define System
A collection of elements that interact to achieve a common goal
55
IT as a system includes? (4)
1. Hardware
2. Software
3. Networking Elements
4. Users themselves
56
What is system integration?
IT infrastructure includes a variety of different systems. Organizations use different systems in various areas which often need to work together, perhaps by even retrieving data from one another.
57
What is software development?
Software systems implement various algorithms that transform data from one form to another, perform calculations, manipulate files, or complete other tasks that may be repetitive, time-consuming, or dangerous to an employee.
58
Define Internet
Resources available for the public
59
Define Intranet
Resources only available for users or systems of a specific organization.
60
Define Extranet
Makes resources available within the organization but it also makes that information available to other specific organizations or users such as third-party consultants.
61
Define computing
Any activity that uses a computer to manage, process, or share information.
62
What are the 5 main computing disciplines
1. Computer engineering
2. Computer science
3. Software engineering
4. Information systems
5. Information technology
63
What is computer engineering?
Focuses on the design of hardware systems and the software that makes them work.
64
Define computer science
Addresses the design and implementation of software with an emphasis on developing effective ways to solve computing problems and creating new ways to use computers.
65
Which of the 5 computing disciplines would write drivers for peripheral devices?
Computer engineering
66
Which of the 5 computing disciplines would address the development of solutions that use computers embedded in other devices such as alarm systems, refrigerators, and self-driving cars?
Computer Engineering
67
Which of the 5 computing disciplines deals with robotics?
Computer Science
68
Which of the 5 computing disciplines deals with artificial intelligence
Computer science
69
Which of the 5 computing disciplines deals with designing algorithms
Computer Science
70
Define software engineering
Large software systems are constructed across enterprises to meet business requirements and support business-critical activities
71
Which of the 5 computing disciplines focuses on development and maintenance of reliable and efficient software?
Software engineering
72
Define Information systems
Integrates solutions meant to meet organizational and business goals
73
Which of the 5 computing disciplines addresses systems that generate, process, and distribute information?
Information systems
74
Which of the 5 computing disciplines supports organizational communication and collaborates with their design and implementation?
Information systems
75
Define Information Technology
Focuses more on the technology supporting systems in an organization rather than the information residing on them or being communicated with them.
76
Which of the 5 computing disciplines responds to the practical needs of an organization?
Information technology
77
What is the Manchester Mark-1
The first ever stored program computers.
78
What year was the Manchester Mark-1 released?
1948
79
What year did IBM sell 450 of the first mass-produced computers?
1954
80
What was the IBM Model 650
The first mass-produced computers
81
What year was the direct keyboard implemented and what did it replace?
1956
Replaced punch cards and paper tape input.
82
When was the first microprocessor released and how many oeprations could it do every second?
1971 and 90,000 operations a second.
83
Who invented the World Wide Web?
Tim Berners-Lee
84
When was the World Wide Web made publicly available?
1991
85
What year did Honda introduce the ASIMO humanoid robot?
2000
86
What year was the apple Retina display released and how much resolution did it have?
2010 with 220 pixels per inch
87
What are the 5 main branches of IT professionals?
1. IT administrators
2. IT Aarchitecture
3. IT Engineer
4. Help Desk Professionals
5. DevOps (Developmental Occupations)
88
What are IT Administrators?
Sets policies, access, decides security protocols
89
What are IT Architects
Big picture, goals, systems, IT strategists, technical standards
90
What are IT engineers
Implementation of the work IT Architects perform. Decides bandwidth required, implementation of tasks. Actually builds the systems the architects design
91
What are help desk professionals
People who help troubleshoot technology
92
What are DevOps?
Brings together developers, programmers, and administrators to find solutions
93
What are system administrators?
Responsible for providing tech support for hardware and software issues that end users encounter such as log-in problems.
94
What is required to be a systems administrator?
Requires an associates degree or more and a basic understanding of network vulnerabilities and security issues.
CompTIA Network +
CompTia Security +
95
What is a network administrator
Responsible for designing, planning, setting up and maintaining an organizations network.
96
What is required to become a network administrator?
Requires associates degree or higher, network troubleshooting experience, and effective problem solving skills.
CompTIA +
CompTIA Network +
CompTIA Security +
97
What is a database administrator?
Responsible for installing and configuring databases. Also fixes database errors and creates user accounts.
98
What is required to become a database administrator?
Bachelors degree in computer science or computer engineering
MYSQL
Oracle Database Certification
99
What is the data pyramid?
A concept that visualizes the data-information-knowledge-wisdom hierarchy
100
What are the 4 main concepts of the data pyramid from top (point) to bottom (base)
1. Wisdom: Applied—it is dark, I better turn the light on
2. Knowledge Context—The room I am working in is getting dark
3. Information: Meaning—it is 638 PM the light switch is turned off
4. Data: Raw—1838, on, off
101
What is information?
A collection of processed data from a variety of sources.
102
What is data?
Raw facts and information
103
What questions should you ask of data to process it into a usable form?
Who, What, Where, Why, and How?
104
Information can be __________ or ____________.
Structured or unstructured
105
Define Knowledge
A dynamic combination of experience, values, contextual information, expert insight, and grounded intuition that provides an environment and framework for evaluating and incorporating new experiences and information.
106
What is the key word associated with knowledge?
Context
107
Define wisdom?
Knowing the right thing to do.
108
What is connectedness wisdom?
Essential the path to connected understanding when interpreting data. It is that human element leveraging intelligent technology components when attempting to make fact-based decisions.
109
What are big data and data science?
Take us from seeing and learning about the past and present to looking at the future and making predictions.
With data science we discover connections that we might not have imagined existed.
110
What is structured data?
Structured data is coded in a way that makes it easy to convert into a form usable for analysis
111
What are a couple of examples of structured data?
Contact information such as first name last name, email address, and phone number.
Also, quantitative fields like DOB, Date of Transaction, and the amount received or due.
112
What is unstructured data
Refers to data that is more complex and possibly stored in a format that is not as easily decoded and structured data. It takes more time to parse through to retrieve essential information
113
What are some examples of unstructured data
Unstructured data includes data stored in a text or video format
Comments on a web page
Text messages,
Video presentations or conferences
114
What is the difference between structured and unstructured data
The form in which it is stored.
115
What are information systems
Collections of data and information used to support decision making in organizations.
116
What are the 3 core variations of cloud based (Data management) systems
1. Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)
2. Platform as service (PaaS)
3. Software as a service (SaaS)
117
What is laaS and what does it provide
Infrastructure as a service cloud based system
Provides access in a virtualized environment and the computing resources are composed of virtualized hardware. This includes things like network connections, virtual server space, and load balancers.
118
What is PaaS and what does it do?
Platform as a service cloud system
Customers have access to a platform that supports the development and management of web applications. Enables quicker development life cycles and reduced infrastructure requirements since the majority of the processing happens in the cloud rather than on local storage and processor resources.
119
What is the difference between PaaS and IaaS?
The difference lies in who manages the switching, routing, and operating systems.
If the client is responsible for licensing the OS and managing the back-end networking, it is considered IaaS.
If the cloud service provider is responsible for licensing the OS and back-end storage and networking, it is considered PaaS
120
What is SaaS and what does it do?
Software as a service cloud system
The software is licensed to customers with subscriptions and central hosting.
121
What are some examples of SaaS cloud systems?
Gmail
Google Docs
Microsoft Office 365
122
What is CRM
Customer Relationship Management (System)
123
What is ERP
Stores system and sales records, finance, enterprise resource planning.
124
Good Data enables businesses to: (7)
1. Analyze current financial state of the organization in terms of net profits, revenues, cash flow, assets and liabilities
2. Increase revenue through better targeting of products and increased customer satisfaction.
3. Examine existing production processes to take corrective action, improve efficiency, and lower costs.
4. Develop new, automated, processes that integrate harmoniously into existing workflows and reduce demands on labor
5. Gather competitive information on produc and pricing decisions to stay ahead of competitors
6. Make evidence-based decisions that utilize verifiable data to maximize profits and efficiency
7. Understand business value by exploiting rapid changes in information and generating insights from diverse data sources to widen the competitive differentiation gap
125
What are 3 general steps for transforming institutional knowledge into implantable data solutions:
1. Capturing
2. Analyzing
3. Using
126
What is data hygiene?
Refers to the processes of ensuring the cleanliness of data (ie that the data is relatively error-free)
127
What can cause dirty data? (3)
1. Duplicate Records
2. Incomplete or Outdated Data
3. Mistakes introduced as data is entered stored and managed
128
What is data scrubbing?
The process of amending or removing data in a database that is incorrect, incomplete, improperly formatted, or duplicated.
129
What does the process of data scrubbing usually involve?
Updating, standardizing, and de-duplicating records to create a single view of the data even if it is stored in multiple systems.
130
What is duplicate Data
Two or more identical records
131
What is conflicting data?
The same records with differing attributes
132
aWhat is incomplete data
Missing attributes
133
What is invalid data?
Attributes not conforming to standardization
134
What is unsynchronized data
Data that is not appropriately shared between two systems.
135
What is quality data
Data that is precise, valid, reliable, timely, and complete.
Data is complete and thorough
136
When is quality data valid
When it meets requirements of the data collection process.
137
What is IPO
Input-process-output
138
What is IPOS
Input-process-output-storage
139
What are the four main functions of a computer system?
1. Input
2. Processing
3. Output
4. Storage
140
What is input?
A requirement from the environment
141
What is processing
A computation based on the requirement (input)
142
What is output
A provision for the environment
143
What are some examples of input?
Raw data entered by a user or acquired from a data source
144
What is liveware?
People. The users of computers.
145
What is hardware?
The electronic and mechanical parts of a computer system.
Components you can physically touch.
146
What is software?
The data and computer programs.
A collection of instructions that enable a user to interact with a computer to perform tasks.
147
What is middleware
Components of a computer system that share software and data between hardware and software elements of a computer
Allows the hardware and software to communicate with one another, enabling data to move between computer system components.
148
Name some examples of computer hardware?
Monitors, mouses, Tablets, keyboards and smartphones
149
What is the motherboard?
The motherboard is at the center of what makes a computer work. It houses the CPU and serves as the brain of the system. It allocates resources such as power and communicates with all other components.
150
What is a CPU
Central Proccessing unit. Processes the data from the programs the computer runs.
151
What is RAM
Random-access memory. Occupies the memory slots of the CPU and keeps that data immediately accessible.
152
What is a hard Drive?
Storage device that permanently stores data or temporarily stores data in a paging file system.
153
What is a computers paging feature and which component does it work closely with?
The paging feature is a built-in mechanism that permits data to be moved from the RAM to the Hard Drive when the amount of memory in use exceeds the memory available in the computer system.
154
What is a network?
Systems of hardware and software components that connect two or more devices for the purpose of sharing data and information.
155
What are the two common types of networks?
LAN and WANS
156
What are LANs
Local area networks
LANs span a single home, school, or office building and provide a connection for devices that are within the same network
157
What are WANs
Wide area networks
WANs span across cities, states, or even the world. The internet is the world’s largest public wide area network .
158
What are the two types of network design?
1. Client to server
2. Peer to Peer
159
What kind of situation is client-server networks common?
Organizations
160
Where are peer-to-peer networks common?
Small offices and homes.
161
What is physical topology?
The actual layout of how systems are placed in the network.
162
What are the two different perspectives considered when designing a network?
1. Logical
2. Physical
163
Local topology is extremely important when considering things like ______ 3.
1. Load balancing normal traffic
2. Network backups
3. Replication of data.
164
What are the (4) most common network topology layouts?
1. Bus
2. Star
3. Ring
4. Mesh
165
What are protocols?
Languages supporting data exchange between computers
166
What is the most popular network protocol?
TCP/IP
167
Network routers, access points, and switches are examples of what?
Special-purpose computer systems.
