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AA - BUSINESS - Acutal Spec - Revision > Section 2 - Human Resources > Flashcards

Section 2 - Human Resources Flashcards

This section looks at people in organisations focusing on their roles, relationships and management in business.

1
Q

Authority

A

The right to command and make decisions.

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2
Q

Chain of command

A

The route through which orders are passed down in the hierarchy.

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3
Q

Delegation

A

Authority to pass down from superior to subordinate.

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4
Q

Formal organisation

A

The internal structure of a business as shown by an organisation chart.

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5
Q

Hierarchy

A

The order or levels of responsibility in an organisation from the lowest to the highest.

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6
Q

Organisational chart

A

A diagram that shows the different job roles in a business and how they relate to each other.

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7
Q

Span of control

A

The number of people a person is directly responsible for in a business.

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8
Q

Subordinates

A

People in the hierarchy who work under the control of a senior worker.

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9
Q

Department

A

A section in a business where all employees have similar skills and specialise in particular activities.

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10
Q

Communication

A

The sending and receiving of messages.

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11
Q

Communication barriers

A

Things that get in the way of communication.

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12
Q

Communication channels

A

Routes along which communication might travel in a business.

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13
Q

Communication media

A

The different methods by which information can be sent.

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14
Q

Formal communication

A

The use of recognised channels when communicating.

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15
Q

Informal communication

A

The use of non-approved channels when communicating.

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16
Q

External communication

A

Communication between the business and those outside such as customers, investors or the authorities.

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17
Q

Internal communication

A

Communication between people inside a business.

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18
Q

Curriculum Vitae (CV)

A

A document used by a job seeker which lists personal details, qualifications, work experience, referees and other details.

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19
Q

External Recruitment

A

Appointing workers from outside the business.

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20
Q

Internal Recruitment

A

Appointing workers from inside the business.

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21
Q

Job Description

A

A document that shows clearly the tasks, duties and responsibilities expected of a worker for a particular job.

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22
Q

Person Specification

A

A personal profile of the type of person needed to do a particular job.

23
Q

Contract of Employment

A

A written agreement between an employer and an employee in which each has certain obligations.

24
Q

Discrimination

A

Favouring one person over another. For example, in the EU it is unlawful to discriminate on grounds of race, gender, age and disability.

25
Q

Employment Tribunal

A

A court which deals with cases involving disputes between employers and employees.

26
Q

Unfair Dismissal

A

Where a worker is dismissed illegally by a business.

27
Q

Induction Training

A

Training given to new employees when they first start a job.

28
Q

Off-the-job Training

A

Training that takes place away from the work area.

29
Q

On-the-job Training

A

Training that takes place while doing the job.

30
Q

Training

A

A process which involves increasing the knowledge and skills of a worker to enable them to do their jobs more effectively.

31
Q

Hygiene Factors (Herzberg’s)

A

Things at work that result in dissatisfaction.

Pay, Working Conditions, Job Security, Quality of Supervision, Staff Relationships, and Company Policy.

32
Q

Job Satisfaction

A

The pleasure, enjoyment or sense of achievement that employees get from their work.

33
Q

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

A

The order of people’s needs starting with basic human needs.

Physiological, Safety and Security, Love and Belonging, Esteem, and Self-actualisation.

34
Q

Motivation

A

The desire to achieve a goal.

35
Q

Motivators (Herzberg’s)

A

Things at work that result in satisfaction. (Achieving Aims, Chance of Promotion, Responsibility, Interesting Work, Recognition, and Personal Development.)

36
Q

Physiological Needs

A

The basic needs of humans for their survival.

37
Q

Security and Safety Needs

A

The need of humans to feel protected from any form of danger and physical and psychological threats.

38
Q

Love and Belonging Needs

A

The need of humans to communicate, develop friendships and to ‘belong’.

39
Q

Esteem Needs

A

The need of humans to be recognised and respected and their achievements praised.

40
Q

Self-Actualisation Needs

A

The need of humans to reach their full potential and feel some fulfilment in what they do.

41
Q

Bonus Systems

A

A payment in addition to the basic wage for reaching targets or in recognition for service.

42
Q

Commission

A

A payment based on the value of sales, usually a percentage of sales made.

43
Q

Gross Pay

A

Pay before deductions such as income tax, pension contributions and national insurance.

44
Q

Net Pay

A

An employee’s take home pay, i.e. pay after deductions such as income tax and pension contributions.

45
Q

Overtime

A

A rate of pay above the normal rate to compensate employees for working extra hours.

46
Q

Performance Related Pay (PRP)

A

A payment system designed for non-manual workers where pay increases are given if performance targets are met.

47
Q

Piece Rate

A

A payment system where workers receive an amount of money for each unit produced.

48
Q

Profit Sharing

A

Where workers are given a share of the profits, usually as part of their pay.

49
Q

Salary

A

Pay, usually to non-manual workers, expressed as a yearly figure but paid monthly.

50
Q

Time Rate

A

A payment system based on the amount of time employees spend at work.

51
Q

Fringe Benefits

A

‘Perks’ over and above the normal wage or salary.

52
Q

Job Enrichment

A

Making workers’ jobs more challenging by giving them opportunities to be creative and take on responsibility.

53
Q

Job Rotation

A

Allowing workers to change jobs from time to time.

AA - BUSINESS - Acutal Spec - Revision (5 decks)

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