Section 2-Excretion Flashcards

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1
Q

Where does the blood in the hepatic portal vein come from

A

The duodenum and ileum

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2
Q

Which blood vessel do the central veins in the liver lobules connect to

A

Hepatic vein

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3
Q

What are sinusoids

A

Capillaries that connect the hepatic artery and the hepatic portal vein the centre vein in the liver

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4
Q

Name three substances reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule

A
Glucose 
Amino acid 
Vitamins 
Water 
Urea 
Salts
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5
Q

Why is it important that the afferent arteriole larger in diameter than the efferent arteriole

A

The blood in the glomerulus is under high pressure

High pressure forces liquid and small molecules in the blood out the capillary into renal capsule (ultrafiltration)

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6
Q

Which limb of the loop of henle is impermeable to water

A

Ascending limb

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7
Q

Explain why a longer loop of Henle allows more concentrated urine to be produced

A

More ions are actively pumped out into the medulla
Creates a low water potential
More water moves out of the nephron and collecting duct into capillaries
Giving concentrated urine

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8
Q

Which hormone is detected in a pregnancy test

A

hCG

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9
Q

A pregnancy test use antibodies bound to a blue bead. What colour will the test strip turn in a negative pregnancy test

A

No colour change

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10
Q

What effect do anabolic steroids have on muscle

A

Increase muscle mass

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11
Q

What technique is used to test a urine sample for the presence of anabolic steroids

A

Gas chromatography

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12
Q

How does gas chromatography work

A

Sample is vaporised
Passed through a column
Different substances move through the column at different speeds
Length of time taken varies

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13
Q

What causes respiratory acidosis

A

Result of high carbon dioxide levels in the blood
Carbon dioxide reacts to form carbonic acid in the blood
Makes blood acidic

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14
Q

Why does the liver have two supply of blood

A

Oxygenated blood via aorta and hepatic artery- aerobic respiration
From digestive system - to filter out toxic and excess products before the blood is transported around the body

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15
Q

Define excretion

A

The removal of waste products of metabolism from the body

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