Section 2

Question 1

Diffusion of O2 and Co2 between the inspired air and pulmonary capillaries is called?

Answer 1

External Respiration

Question 2

Diffusion of O2 and Co2 between the capillary red blood cells and the tissue cells is called?

Answer 2

Internal Respiration

Question 3

Atmospheric pressure is described as?

Answer 3

The pressure of the gas around us

Question 4

The pressure of the has in the alveoli is called?

Answer 4

Intrapulmonic pressure

Question 5

The pressure in the pleural space is called?

Answer 5

Intrathoracic pressure

Question 6

760 mm Hg is the pressure of what?

Answer 6

Atmospheric pressure

Question 7

Boyle’s Law states….?

Answer 7

as pressure of a gas decreases, its volume expands

Question 8

What is the definition of Compliance?

Answer 8

The ease with which the lungs and thorax expand during pressure changes

Question 9

In people who are healthy, the energy needed for normal quiet breathing is about ____% of the total body expenditure.

Answer 9

3

Question 10

________ is composed of lipoproteins that reduce the surface tension of pulmonary fluids.

Answer 10

Surfactant

Question 11

The nasal passages cause about____% of the total airway resistance during nose breathing.

Answer 11

50

Question 12

Name two accessory muscles

Answer 12

scalenes, sternocleidomastoid

Question 13

At rest the average adult breathes at how many breaths per minute?

Answer 13

12-24

Question 14

The upper respiratory tract and the lower non-respiratory bronchioles are referred to as?

Answer 14

anatomical dead space

Question 15

What term refers to the anatomical dead space plus the volume of any nonfunctional alveoli?

Answer 15

Physiological dead space

Question 16

What is the volume of gas inhaled or exhaled during a normal breath called? What is average volume?

Answer 16

Tidal Volume; 500 mL

Question 17

How much of the tidal volume remains in the anatomical dead space and never reaches the alveoli?

Answer 17

150 mL

Question 18

What is the amount of gas that can be forcefully inhaled after inspiration of the normal tidal volume called? What is the volume?

Answer 18

Inspiratory Reserve Volume; 2000 mL

Question 19

What is the amount of gas that can be forcefully exhaled after expiration of the normal tidal volume called? What is the volume?

Answer 19

Expiratory Reserve Volume; 1200 mL

Question 20

What is the gas that remains in the respiratory system after forced expiration called?

Answer 20

residual volume

Question 21

What is the normal residual volume?

Answer 21

1000 mL

Question 22

Tidal volume + Inspiratory volume =

Answer 22

Inspiratory capacity

Question 23

Expiratory Reserve + Residual Volume =

Answer 23

Functional Residual Capacity

Question 24

What is Vital Capacity

Answer 24

The volume of gas that can move on deepest inspiration and expiration; Inspiratory Reserve Volume+ Tidal Volume+Expiratory Reserve Volume

Question 25

Minute Volume is?

Answer 25

the amount of gas inhaled or exhaled in 1 minute

Question 26

The amount of inspired gas available for exchange during during 1 minute is called?

Answer 26

minute alveolar ventilation

Question 27

Formula to find minute alveolar ventilation

Answer 27

Tidal Volume-Dead space x respiratory rate

Question 28

Nitrogen makes up about ____% of the volume of air

Answer 28

78.62%

Question 29

Name four atmospheric gases

Answer 29

Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carbon dioxide and Water

Question 30

In general, the amount of o2 taken up by the capillary blood is (greater/or less) than the amount of Co2 released by the blood to the alveolar gas

Answer 30

Greater

Question 31

At rest, the combined consuption of all the body cells is about _____mL of o2 per minute

Answer 31

200 mL

Question 32

What are the two forms o2 is present in the body?

Answer 32

Physically dissolved in the blood (3%) and chemically bound to hemoglobin

Question 33

What is Hematocrit?

Answer 33

A blood test that measures the proportion of blood volume occupied by red blood cells

Question 34

Each hemoglobin can carry how many o2 molecules?

Answer 34

4

Question 35

The response of hemoglobin to changes in pH is called?

Answer 35

Bohr effect

Question 36

What is the Fick Principle?

Answer 36

The amount of o2 the lungs deliver to the blood is directly related to the amount of o2 the body consumes

Question 37

What is the state of decreased o2 of arterial blood called?

Answer 37

Hypoxemia

Question 38

What is the state of decreased o2 at the tissue leveled called?

Answer 38

Hypoxia

Question 39

The two phrenic nerves responsible for moving the diaphragm originate where?

Answer 39

third, fourth and fifth cervical spinal nerves.

Question 40

Intercostal nerves originate where?

Answer 40

1-11 thoracic spinal nerves

Question 41

What reflex limits inspiration and prevents over-inflation of the lungs

Answer 41

Hering-Breuer