Section 2

Question 1

what are organic molecules? what are macromolecules?

Answer 1

organic molecules: carbon-containing molecules

macromolecules: -lipids and large, compound molecules
- includes nucleic acids, proteins and carbohydrates

Question 2

what are covalent bonds?

Answer 2

an electron sharing bond

Question 3

what are the biologically important functional groups?

Answer 3

amino- amino acids
carbonyl- steroids, waxes, proteins
ketone- glucose, glyceraldehyde
aldehyde- glucose, glyceraldehyde
carboxyl- amino acids, fatty acids
hydroxyl- steroids, alcohol, carbohydrates, some amino acids 
***more

Question 4

what are isomers

Answer 4

two structures with an identical molecular formula but different structures and characteristics

Question 5

what are polymers? what are the 4 categories of organic molecules found in living organisms?

Answer 5

• large molecules formed by linking many monomers
• 1. lipids
     2. carbohydrates
     3. nucleic acids
     4. proteins

Question 6

what are carbohydrates?

Answer 6

composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms

Question 7

what are the types of carbohydrates?

Answer 7

sugars: include monosaccharides- single monomer unit
5 carbons= pentoses. (ribose in RNA)
6 carbons= hexoses. (glucose essential sugar in cells)
***not done