Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANAT 100: Module One > Section 2 > Flashcards

Section 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the different organizations of the human body, from smallest organization to largest organization? Define each organization level, and rank them in order.

A

Smallest to Largest: chemical level, cellular level, tissue level, organ level, organ system level, organismal level.

Chemical Level: a molecule is a group of atoms bonded together

Cellular Level: cells are the smallest living structure and are formed from atoms and molecules.

Tissue Level: Tissues are similar cells that perform specialized functions.

Organ Level: organs are two or more tissues that work together to perform complex functions.

Organ system level: The organ system level consists of related organs that work together to coordinate activities and achieve a common function.

Organismal Level: all body systems function interdependently in a single living human.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the two main regions of the body?

A

Axial and Appendicular.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Define the axial region of the body.

A

One of the two main regions of the body. Forms the main vertical axis of the body, includes the head, neck, and trunk.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define the Appendicular region of the body.

A

One of the two main regions of the body. Includes the limbs or appendages that attach to the axis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is one major difference between the axial and appendicular region of the body?

A

The axial region makes up the body structures along the midline, while the appendicular region makes up structures further away from the midline.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How can we organize organs?

A

They can be organized into organ systems based on structure and function.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the organ systems? (Hint…There are 11)

A

Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous, Endocrine, Digestive, Respiratory, Cardiovascular, Lymphatic/Immune, Urinary, Reproductive.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the Integumentary System? What does it make up?

A

Makes up our body covering and includes our skin and associated structures (hair, nails, etc).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does the skeletal system include?

A

Bones and joints of the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does the muscular system include?

A

The muscles of our body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How do the muscular and skeletal system work together? What is their function?

A

they work together for movement and support.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does the nervous system include?

A

Includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves that run through the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does the endocrine system include?

A

Includes glands that produce and secrete hormones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How do the endocrine and nervous system work together? What is their function.

A

Function in the integration and coordination of the body to act as a unit.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where does the digestive system start and end?

A

starts at the mouth with a long tube and ends at the anus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the function of the respiratory system? What organs does it include?

A

Allows you to breathe, and includes the nose, air passageways, and lungs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does the cardiovascular system include?

A

Includes blood, blood vessels, and the heart.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the function of the lymphatic system, and what does it include?

A

Can initiate an immune response with certain structures. And it includes lymphatic vessels, cells, and immune response inducing structures.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does the urinary system include?

A

Includes kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How do the respiratory, cardiovascular, lymphatic, and urinary system work together? What function is it toward?

A

Function together in the processing and transportation of nutrients, oxygen, and waste products.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does the reproductive system provide the means for?

A

Provides the means for the sexual maturation and procreation of each individual.

22
Q

What are hormones? Define.

A

Molecule released from one cell into the blood that travels throughout the body to affect other cells.

23
Q

What are lymphatic vessels? Define.

A

Thin walled vessels structured like blood vessels that carry lymph.

24
Q

What is lymph?

A

Interstitial fluid of the body.

25
Q

What are body cavities?

A

How the organ systems are enclosed, within these distinct spaces called body cavities. Important since they contain and protect our vital organs.

It can also be simply put that the area inside a membrane is a body cavity.

26
Q

What are the 2 large body cavities?

A

Ventral (front)

Dorsal (back)

27
Q

What is the best way to view the Dorsal body cavity?

A

Lateral.

28
Q

What does the dorsal body cavity contain?

A

Brain and spinal cord.

29
Q

How can the dorsal body cavity be further divided? Name what they include.

A

Cranial (brain), and vertebral (spinal cord) body cavity.

30
Q

How can the ventral body cavity be divided into 2?

A

Thoracic and abdominopelvic.

31
Q

What area of the body does the thoracic body cavity refer to?

A

Above the diaphragm

32
Q

What area of the body does the abdominopelvic body cavity refer to?

A

Below the diaphragm

33
Q

How can the thoracic body cavity be further divided, and what do the three subsections refer to?

A
  1. Superior Mediastinum. Covers the esophagus and trachea
  2. Pericardial. Covers the heart..
  3. Right and left pleural body cavity. Refers to the right and left lungs.
34
Q

How can the abdominopelvic body cavity can be further divided? And what do the two subsections refer to?

A
  1. Abdominal. Refers to the digestive viscera.
  2. Pelvic. Refers to urinary bladder and reproductive organs.
35
Q

What is anatomical position?

A

it is a point of reference. The following positions would be:

  • standing upright
    -feet parallel and on the floor
    -head level and looking foward
    -arms at side of body
    -palms facing foward and thumbs pointing away from the body
36
Q

What does “relatively” mean in terms of directional terms and the human body?

A

Something being superior or inferior depending on your point of reference.

37
Q

What terms do we use when refer to above or below something in the body?

A

Superior and Inferior.

38
Q

What does it mean when something is superior?

A

It is above, closer to the head of our body.

39
Q

What does it mean when something is inferior?

A

It is below, closer to the feet of our body.

40
Q

What terms do we use when we need to identify the location of something that is in front or behind another part of the body or organ?

A
  1. Anterior (in front, closer to the body)
  2. Prosterior (behind, closer to the back)
41
Q

What terms are used interchangeably with anterior and prosterior?

A

Ventral is used instead of anterior. Dorsal is used instead of prosterior.

42
Q

What terms do we use when we want to identify the location of something relative to the middle of our body?

A

First off, to do this we need to create a midline and divide the body equally into right and left.

  1. Lateral (further from the midline)
  2. Medial (closer to the midline)
43
Q

What terms do we use when we need to describe the point of something on our limb relative to the attachment of our limb to our torso?

A
  1. Proximal (closer to the point of the limb attachment to the body)
  2. Distal (further from the connection of the point to the body)
44
Q

What terms do we use when we would like to identify the location of the structure relative to the centre of the body, structure, or organ?

A
  1. Superficial (external layer of the body, and is closer to the surface of the body)
  2. Deep (farther from the surface of the body)
45
Q

What is parietal?

A

Indicating component of the body walls, which may include muscles, connective tissue, and tissue covering the organs.

46
Q

What is Visceral?

A

Lines the outer surfaces of organs (viscera) that are located within cavaties.

47
Q

What is the sagittal plane?

A

A vertical plane that divides the body into left and right parts.

48
Q

What is the difference between a sagittal plane and a midsagittal place?

A

Midsagittal plane is when a sagittal plane passes specifically through the midline of the body.

49
Q

What is the coronal plane?

A

Also referred to as the frontal plane. Divides the body into anterior and posterior parts.

50
Q

What is the horizontal/transverse plane?

A

a horizontal plane that divides the body into superior and inferior parts.

51
Q

What is the oblique plane?

A

A plane that passes through the body at an angle.

52
Q

What is a longitudinal plane?

A

any plane that is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. Both sagittal and coronal planes are examples of longitudinal planes.

ANAT 100: Module One (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions