Section 1.3 Introduction To Experimental Design

Question 1

Census

Sample

Answer 1

Observation from the entire population
Ex:Doing a survey by travel time of all the people who take the # 3 train.
Observations from part of the population
Ex:Asking 100 people at a football game who their favorite player is.

Question 2

Observational study

Experiment

Answer 2

Doesn’t change the response or the variable being measured

Treatment used to change the variable being measured

Question 2

Placebo effect

Answer 2

In an experiment, subjects respond differently after they receive a treatment, even if the treatment is neutral. A neutral treatment that has no “real” effect on the dependent variable is called a placebo, and a subject’s positive response to a placebo is called the placebo effect.

Question 3

Placebo Effect

Answer 3

Occurs when a subject receives no treatment but (incorrectly) believes he or she is in fact receiving treatment and responds favorably.

Question 4

Completely randomized experiment

Answer 4

Simplest experimental design in terms of data , analysis and convince. Subjects are randomly assigned to treatment.b

Question 5

Block

Answer 5

A group of members having certain common features that might affect treatment.

Question 6

Randomized block experiment

Answer 6

First forming these groups then randomly assigning each member in the group to a treatment

Question 7

Randomization 
Replication
Non-response 
Truthfulness 
Faulty recall

Answer 7

Forming groups the randomly assigning each
Reducing possibility of differences in pain relief for two groups
No response
May not tell the truth
Not remembering the truth