Section 10.1 Flashcards
the conversion of light energy to chemical energy that is stored in sugars or other organic compounds
photosynthesis
an organism that obtains organic food molecules without eating other organisms or substances derived from other organisms
autotrophs
an organism that harnesses light energy to drive the synthesis of organic compounds from carbon dioxide
photoautotrophs
an organism that obtains organic food molecules by eating other organism or substances derived from them
heterotrophs
leaf cells specialized for photosynthesis
mesophyll
the dense fluid within the chloroplast surrounding the thylakoid membrane containing ribosome and DNA
stroma
a microscopic pore surrounded by guard cells in the epidermis of leaves and stems that allows gas exchanged between the environment and the interior of the plant
stomata
a flattened, membranous sac inside a chloroplast
thylakoid
a green pigment located in membranes within the chloroplasts of plants and algae and in the membranes of certain prokaryote
chlorophyll
the first of two major stages in photosynthesis (preceding the Calvin cycle)
light reaction
the second of two major stages in photosynthesis, involving fixation of atmospheric carbon dioxide and reduction of the fixed carbon into carbohydrates
Calvin cycle
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, an electron acceptor that, as NADPH , temporarily stores energized electrons produced during the light reactiosn
NADP+
the process of generating ATP from ADP and phosphate by means of chemiosmosis using a proton-motive force generated across the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast or the membrane of certain prokaryotes during the light reactions of photosynthesis
photophosphorylation
the initial incorporation of carbon from carbon dioxide into an organic compound by an autotrophic organism
carbon fixation
