Section 10 Chapter 60 - IP addresses

Question 1

IP address

Answer 1

A unique numerical address used to identify a network node on the internet

Question 2

Components of an IP address

Answer 2

Network identifier and host identifier (network is first)

Question 3

Classful addressing

Answer 3

The number of bits assigned to the network identifier is either 7, 15 or 23 (fixed numbers depending on class A, B, C)

Question 4

Classless addressing

Answer 4

The number of bits assigned to the network identifier is specified in the subnet mask

Question 5

How to determine network ID from IP

Answer 5

IP (bitwise AND) subnet mask

Question 6

The two standards of IP

Answer 6

v4 and v6

Question 7

Why ipv6 was introduced

Answer 7

ipv4 is about to run out of unique ID’s

Question 8

Subnetting

Answer 8

An additional address is stored in the IP address - the subnet ID

Question 9

Difference between routable and non routable addresses

Answer 9

Routable addresses need to be uniqued and will be ‘outward facing’. Non-routable addresses can be used in a local network and only need to be unique to that network

Question 10

DHCP

Answer 10

Dynamic Host Configuration

Provides a temporary IP to a device and then releases this address when the device disconnects

Question 11

NAT

Answer 11

Network Address Translation
Converts IP addresses as data is moved from a public to private address space (or vice versa). Since private addresses are non routable a device will send the data through a router which will then replace the IP on the data with its own and make a recording of this. When data is returned the router will swap back the local IP address

Question 12

Port forwarding

Answer 12

A method used to allow communication between a computer on a private network and a public computer., NAT is used so all requests go through the router at a specific port