section 1 What are Earthquakes

Question 1

the study of earthquakes

Answer 1

seismology

Question 2

the bending, tilting, and breaking of the Earth’s crust; the change in the shape of rock in response to stress

Answer 2

deformation

Question 3

the sudden return of elastically deformed rock to its undeformed shape

Answer 3

elastic rebound

Question 4

a wave of energy that travels through the Earth and away from an earthquake in all directions

Answer 4

seismic waves

Question 5

a seismic wave that causes particles of rock to move in a back-and-forth direction

Answer 5

P waves

Question 6

a seismic wave that particles of rock to move in a side-to side direction

Answer 6

S waves

Question 7

a block of lithosphere that consists of the crust and the rigid, outermost part of the mantle

Answer 7

Tectonic plates

Question 8

a break in a body of rock along which one block sides relative to another

Answer 8

fault

Question 9

a temporary plate change that is self-reversing

Answer 9

plastic deformation

Question 10

does not lead to earthquakes

Answer 10

elastic deformation

Question 11

Seismic waves that travel through earths interior

Answer 11

body waves

Question 12

seismic waves that travel through along Earth’s Surface

Answer 12

surface waves

Question 13

they are the first waves that will always be detected

Answer 13

primary waves

Question 14

another name for s waves because they are the second to be detected.

Answer 14

secondary waves

Question 15

complex, present may questions for seismologists, the scientists who study earthquakes

Answer 15

earthquake

Question 16

scientists who study earthquakes

Answer 16

seismologists