Section 1/Week 1 Flashcards
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (United Nations-1948)
ARTICLE 1
Al human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (United Nations-1948)
ARTICLE 25
Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of him and his family, including food, clothing, housing, medical care and other necessary services.
What can we tell about the fact that the United States did not sign the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?
We hold the belief that health care is a market commodity, not a right.
What are three general forces contributing to the rising cost of health care?
- ) US population is increasing over time.
- ) Number of people receiving treatment for a specific illness may go up for reasons not associated with population, IE treated prevalence. EX: Mental Illness
- ) Rising cost in technology and utilization of technology
According to Blumenthal, what are our two options to decrease health care costs?
- ) Ration services
2. ) Make health services more efficient
What are three major policy changes in the area of health care?
- ) Rising Costs
- ) Quality of care
- ) Rising rate of uninsured
What were President Obama’s 3 overarching goals for health care reform?
- ) Expanding health insurance coverage to those who lacked it
- ) Constraining the rising cost of health care
- ) Improving the security of coverage for those with chronic illness
What is the expected impact of the ACA by 2019? (7)
- Reduction in number of currently uninsured by 30 million people (Medicaid expansion + individual mandate + employer mandate).
- Reduction of $140 billion in the federal deficit.
- Increase in overall health care costs by 2019 from 19.3% GDP to 19.6% GDP.
- Insurance companies will no longer be permitted to exclude children or adults because of pre-existing health conditions.
- Insurers are prohibited from imposing lifetime limits on benefits.
- Preventive procedures must be covered without co-payments.
- Children under 26 may remain covered under their parents’ policies.
Basic Right vs. Basic Security
Something you are entitled to (level of entitlement unspecified) vs. something that is fundamentally good for you but is not guaranteed.
Flexner Report
Medical Education in the United States and Canada. Prior to the report, there were no standards to maintain a consistent level of quality in the way physicians practiced medicine. Based on the report, many local governments relied on the AMA to restructuring of US medical practice.
Comparative Effectiveness Research
Research that compares outcomes of alternative treatments rather than treatment vs. placebo. Does NOT include cost effectiveness comparisons.
Under current law, there are 3 types of a right to health care. What are they?
- ) 911 emergency care
- ) Screening examination at any emergency room to rule out life-threatening condition, severe pain, or active labor
- ) Prisoners, as an 8th Amendment prohibition against inflicting “cruel and unusual punishment”
How are our international peers dealing with health care?
Britain-fully socialized medicine, doctors employed by national health service
Canada-All doctors in private practice, paid on FFS
South Africa-established right to health care after abolishing apartheid
United States is unique in not enacting a right to health care
Besides viewing health care as a market commodity, why else is the US unique among developed countries?
We’ve granted doctors’ and their professional organizations autonomy and control over the provision of care.
What do doctors have sovereignty over?
- Hospitals (orgs that provide medical care)
- Drug companies (orgs that produce needed supplies)
- Insurance companies (orgs that pay for medical care)
- Government agencies (orgs that regulate the profession)
