Section 1 SG Flashcards
How long can brain go without oxygen before cells die
4-6 min
USDT responsible for
Developing EMS standards and assisting states with upgrading the quality of care
NHTSA responsible for
Established assessment program with set of standards
State office of EMS responsible for
Coordination, administration, and integration of EMS system
Upper airway structures
Nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx (structures surrounding entrance to trachea)
Lower airway structures
Trachea, bronchial passages, and alveoli
Normal breath rate
Adult: 12-20 breaths per minute
Child: 18-30 bpm
Infant (0-6 months): 30-60 bpm
Inhalation
Intercostal muscles and diaphragm contract
21% oxygen 0.04% CO2
Exhalation
Muscles and diaphragm relax
16% oxygen 4% CO2
Stimulus to breath
Primary is CO2 levels in arterial blood
Three nerves
Vagus (main nerve of parasympathetic system:controls digestion heart rate & immune system) , ocolomutor (movement of the eyes), phrenic (controls diaphragm)
Res ipsa loquitor
The thing speaks for itself
Medical direction
Provides operational framework and authorization for EMTs and others to provide prehospital care
Off line
Already accepted, rule book
On line
Real time communication with EMS providers and a physician
Normal pulse rate
Adult: 60-100 bpm
6-10 yrs: 65-120 bpm
Preschool: 70-120
1-3 yrs: 80-140
0-1 yr: 90-160
Newborn: 100-170
Blood flow
Right atrium receives from venae cavae
Pumps to right ventricle
RV pumps oxygen low blood to the lungs via pulmonary arteries
Left atrium receives oxygen rich blood from pulmonary veins
Left ventricle receives LA and pumps to aorta to flow through body
Cardiac output
Product of heart rate and stroke volume
Liters per minute
Stroke volume
Volume pumped out by left ventricle each contraction
Peripheral vascular resistance
Resistance in system used to create BP, when blood vessels constrict it increases
Hypotension
Low blood pressure
Respiratory
Path of air/gas movement
What does the brain stem control
Balance breathing heart rate and more
Central and peripheral
Central: brain & spinal cord, consciousness
Peripheral: sensory and motor
Linings of body cavities
Parietal mesoderm
Visceral layer
Epithelial membranes
Inteavascular space
Space within blood vessels
Homeostasis and sodium
Depends on kidney, drink more, expel more urine
Levels of EMS provider LA county
EMT AEMT and Paramedic
