Section 1- Motion, Forces And Conservation Of Energy

Question 1

scalar

Answer 1

Quantities that have magnitude but not direction

Eg.speed,distance,mass etc

Question 2

vector

Answer 2

-quantities with a magnitude (size) and a direction

Question 3

equation for speed distance time

Answer 3

D

SxT

Question 4

acceleration

Answer 4

The change in velocity in a certain amount of time

Question 5

equations for acceleration

Answer 5

A=(v-u)/t

Question 6

equation for gradient

Answer 6

Y
—-
X

Question 7

what is Newton’s 1st law?

Answer 7

A force is needed to make something start moving, speed up or slow down

Question 8

what is Newton’s 2nd law?

Answer 8

Acceleration is proportional to the resultant force

Question 9

what is Newton’s 3rd law?

Answer 9

When two objects interact the forces they exert on each other are equal and opposite

Question 10

explain distance time graphs

Answer 10

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Question 11

explain velocity time graphs

Answer 11

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Question 12

equation for momentum

Answer 12

P= m x V

Momentum=mass x velocity

Question 13

equation for force

Answer 13

Force= change in momentum/time

Question 14

centripetal force

Answer 14

• a force which is moving in a circle
• travelling at a constant speed
• the velocity is constantly changing

Question 15

how to investigate motion

Answer 15

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Question 16

stopping distance

Answer 16

The time it takes for something to stop eg. A car

It includes thinking distance and braking distance

Question 17

reaction time

Answer 17

The time it takes for someone to react

Things that affect your reaction time include tiredness,alcohol, drugs and distractions

Question 18

what are the factors that affect stopping distance?

Answer 18

•the condition of the brakes
worn or faulty

•the mass of the car
A full car won’t stop as quickly

•how much friction between tyres and the road
If the road is icy or wet

Question 19

what are the factors that affect reaction time?

Answer 19

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Question 20

equation for energy in the car

Answer 20

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Question 21

how to estimate the distances involved in stopping

Answer 21

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Question 22

kinetic energy

Answer 22

Anything moving has energy in its kinetic energy store

Question 23

chemical energy

Answer 23

Anything that can release energy by a chemical reaction

Question 24

definition of gravitational potential energy

Answer 24

Anything in a gravitational field (ie.anything that can fall)

Question 25

elastic potential energy

Answer 25

Anything stretched, like springs, rubber bands etc

Question 26

equation for GPE

Answer 26

GPE= m x g x h

Question 27

equation for KE

Answer 27

KE= 0.5 x mass x (speed)²

Question 28

how can energy be transferred between stores

Answer 28

In 4 main ways:
•mechanically 
•electrically 
•by heating 
•by radiation

Question 29

equation for efficiency

Answer 29

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Question 30

explain how to make the use of energy more efficient

Answer 30

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Question 31

non-renewable energy

Answer 31

• will run out
• typically burnt to provide energy

Eg. Coal, oil and natural gas

Question 32

renewable energy

Answer 32

• won’t run out
• better for the environment
• may be unreliable or not provide as much energy

Eg.biofuels, wind, solar, hydro-electricity, tides

Question 33

give examples of non-renewable energy sources

Answer 33

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Question 34

what affect does non-renewable energy sources have on the environment?

Answer 34

-

Question 35

Thermal energy

Answer 35

Any object- the hotter it is, the more energy it has in this store

Question 36

Electrostatic energy

Answer 36

Eg. Two charges that attract or repel each other

Question 37

Magnetic energy

Answer 37

Two magnets that attract or repel each other

Question 38

Nuclear energy

Answer 38

Atomic nuclei release energy from this store in nuclear reactions