Section 1: Mobile Devices Flashcards
1
Q
1.1 - Laptop Hardware
Lap top Batteries.
A
- The power source (battery) when plugged. May be easily replaced or require a teardown. 5 mins vs 1 hr
- Lithium-Ion (Li-ion) and Lithium-Ion polymer (LiPo) are common batteries: No memory effect. Charging the battery diminished capacity.
- Different form factor for each laptop: Battery types and styles can vary. Battery technology is changing constantly
2
Q
1.1 - Laptop Hardware
Laptop keyboard
A
- The most-used component of the laptop: Can be easy to replace. A few screws and a single ribbon cable involved. May not always be this simple.
- Or connect an external USB keyboard. Not very portable.
- Due to less space on keyboard, extra function keys are used and the layout of the keyboard is adjusted.
3
Q
1.1 - Laptop Hardware
Laptop keys
A
- Some repairs might require the removal or replacement of a key cap. Delicate procedure.
4
Q
1.1 - Laptop Hardware
Laptop memory
A
- Small Outline Dual In-line Memory Module (SO-DIMM) is used in laptops and mobile devices for additional memory.
- Memory used in laptops and mobile devices: Often easy to install and replace.
- Some laptop memory is soldered to the system board. No upgrade available. Requires a full system board replacement
5
Q
1.1 - Laptop Hardware
Laptop storage
A
- Magnetic disk: Traditional spinning drive platters. 2.5 form factors (3.5 inch for desktop)
- SSD (Solid-state drive): Spinning hardrive with static connection. All memory, no moving parts. Silent, fast access time, less latency. 2.5 inch form factors
- SSD M.2 (M stands for module): Smaller form factor. No SATA data or power cables. Easy to install and replace.
6
Q
1.1 - Laptop Hardware
Replacing laptop storage
A
- All internal. Open a cover on the back / open the entire laptop to gain access to the storage area.
- Can be very modular. Two screws and the drive slides out.
- M.2 drives are even easier. One screw. Similar to RAM installation.
7
Q
1.1 - Laptop Hardware
Migrating from HDD to SSD
A
- An impressive upgrade: Move from spinning mechanical drive to solid state memory. It’s almost like getting a new laptop.
- Install an OS on the SSD: Move user documents between drives. Install required applications. Can be time consuming.
- Image/clone the HDD: No OS installation required. Move everything from one to the other.
- Imaging software needed. Sometimes inculded with the SSD.
- Create an image files. One drive at a time.
- Drive-to-drive image: Image directly from one drive to the other.
8
Q
1.1 - Laptop Hardware
802.11 wireless and bluetooth
A
- Wirelss network connectivity: Connect without wires.
- 802.11: Local area network (LAN). High speed. Internet access.
- Bluetooth: Personal area network (PAN). Short range. Connect peripherals and other nearby services.
9
Q
1.1 - Laptop Hardware
Biometrics
A
- Sign in or unlock your laptop with a fingerprint reader or face recognition.
- Requires additional configuration in the OS. Hardware required for most options.
- Relative secure: Faces and fingerprints are unique.
10
Q
1.1 - Laptop Hardware
Near-field communication (NFC)
A
- Short-distance networking: 4 cm or less. Data transfers or authentication.
- Common on mobile phones and smart watches. Payment method on your wrist.
- Use it for authentication without typing a password. Used in settings such as hospital workstations, warehouses and manufacturing.
11
Q
1.2 - Laptop Display
Portable LCD
A
- Liquid crystal display (LCD): Light shines through crystals.
- Advantages: Lightweight, relatively low power, relatively inexpensive
- Disadvantages: Black levels are a challenge. Requires separate backlight. Florescent, LED etc. Lights are difficult to replace.
12
Q
1.2 - Laptop Display
LCD Technologies
A
- TN (Twisted Nematic) LCD: Original LCD technology. Fast response times (gaming). Poor viewing angles - color shifts
- IPS (In Plane Switching) LCD: Excellent color representation. More expensive to produce than TN
- VA (Vertical Alignment) LCD: Compromise between TN and IPS. Good color representation. Slower response times than TN.
13
Q
1.2 - Laptop Display
OLED
A
- Organ Light Emitting Diode (OLED): organic compound emits when receiving an electric current.
- Thinner and lighter: Flexible and mobile. No glass needed.
- No backlight: Organic compound provides the light.
- Found in tablets, phones, smart watches. Very accurate color representation. More expensive than LCD
14
Q
1.2 - Laptop Display
Wifi antennas
A
- Multiple antennas: Wifi main and aux. Bluetooth.
- Antenna wires wrap around the laptop screen. It’s up high.
15
Q
1.2 - Laptop Display
Webcam
A
- Video capture: Built-in camera and microphone
- Usually includes both audio and video. Specializes drivers and software.
16
Q
1.2 - Laptop Display
Microphone
A
- Built into the laptop display. Useful for video calls
- Not good for non-causal use. Analog or USB microphones can help
17
Q
1.2 - Laptop Display
Flourescent vs LED backlighting
A
- CCFL - Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp: Higher voltage and power needed. Added thickness to the display. No longer a common backlight. Older laptops will uses these.
- LED-backlit LCD display: Backlight is LEDs instead of flourescent LCD around the edge of the screen An array of LEDs behind the screen The latest laptops are LED-backlit.
18
Q
1.2 - Laptop Display
Backlight and inverter
A
- LCD displays need a backlight: Florescent lamp/ LED to LCD display to your eyes.
- Some laptops have inverters. Turn DC (from laptop) to AC (in backlight)
- Verify backlight: Look closely .Use a flashlight.
- May need to replace the LCD inverter or display. Choose carefully.
19
Q
1.2 - Laptop Hardware
Digitizer
A
- Use a pen-like device as input: Stylus input. Useful for graphical input
- Used commonly on laptop / tablets or hypbrid devices.
- Converts analog to digitized input for devices.
20
Q
1.2 - LCD Display
Touchscreen
A
- Merge laptop and tablet input: Digitizer responds to touch. No keyboard required, but often still available.
- Many options for input: Use the best one for the job.
21
Q
1.3 - Connecting Mobile Devices
Connecting mobile devices
A
- Phones and tablets: many different ways to connect
- Wired and wireless connectivity: standards and options change through the years
- Used for synchronization, connectivity, backup, and identification: sometimes simultaneously
22
Q
1.3 - Connecting Mobile Devices
USB
A
- Universal Serial Bus: High-speed wired communication. Used for charging and data transfers
- Micro-USB: A smaller USB connection. Common worldwide.
- Older Devices may use Mini-USB: slightly larger
23
Q
1.3 - Connecting Mobile Devices
USB-C
A
- 24-pin double-sided USB connector: Used for both hosts and devices
- Acts as a USB 2.0/3.0/3.1/3.4 connection: Different signals can use the same connector
- Can transmit other signals: DisplayPort, HDMI, Thunderbolt
24
Q
1.3 - Connecting Mobile Devices
Lightning
A
- Apple proprietary: 8-pin digital signals. iPhone and iPad devices
- Some advantages over Micro-USB: Higher power output for phones and tablets. Can be inserted either way. Simple design. Charges devices faster.
25
Q
1.3 - Connecting Mobile Devices
Serial interfaces
A
- DB-9: Also called DE-9.
- Commonly used for RS-232 signals: Recommended standard 232. An industry standard 1969
- Serial communications standard: Traditionally used for modem connections.
- Now used as a configuration port: Switches, routers, firewalls etc. Use a USB to DB-9 convertor cable.
26
Q
1.3 - Connecting Mobile Devices
NFC
A
- Near Fielc Communication: Send small amounts of data wirelessly over a limited area
- Built into your phone: Payment systems, transportation, in-person information exchange
- Acces token, identity “card”: Short range with encryption support
27
Q
1.3 - Connecting Mobile Devices
Bluetooth
A
- High speed communication over short distances: PAN (Personal Area Network)
- Connects our mobile devices: Smartphones, tethering, headsets and headphones, health monitors, automobile and phone integration, smartwatches, external speakers.
28
Q
1.3 - Connecting Mobile Devices
Hotspot
A
- Turn your phone into a WIFI hotspot: Your own personal wireless router. Extend the cellular data network to all of your devices
- Dependent on phone type and provider: May require additional charges and data costs.
29
Q
1.3 - Mobile Device Accessories
Touch pens
A
- Touchscreen pen/ touch screen stylus/ capacity stylus: activate the interface without actually touching it.
- Handwriting: Note taking, signatures
- Precise selection: Easier to see the screen
30
Q
1.3 - Mobile Device Accessories
Active stylus
A
- Digital stylus: a more advances writing tool. For artists.
- The stylus communicats directly to the device: Pressure sensitivity, programmable buttons, etc.
- Must be compatible with tablet: e.g., Apple iPad uses an Apple pencil
31
Q
1.3 - Mobile Device Accessories
Drawing pad
A
- Use an active stylus with an external digitizer: Very precise input.
- Third-part device: Support across many operating systems
32
Q
1.3 - Mobile Device Accessories
Trackpad
A
- Replace the mouse: Useful in tight working areas. Common on laptops.
- External options: Battery powered. Blutooth connected.
- Drag and tap: Or use multiple finger input for right-clicking, zooming, and window control
- Enable and disable: Avoid inadvertent mouse clicks and movement using function key
33
Q
1.3 - Mobile Device Accessories
Headsets
A
- Hands-free audio: Earphones and microphone
- Wired: USB connections are common laptops. Connects to 3.5 mm TRRS (tip-ring-ring-sleeve) connector. Analog audio jack. iPhone can use lighning port.
- Wireles: Bluetooth headsets.
34
Q
1.3 - Mobile Device Accessories
Speakers
A
- Mobile Audio: battery powered
- Wireless connection: Bluetooth link
- Stero sound: small package
35
Q
1.3 - Mobile Device Accessories
Camera / webcam
A
- Internal or external : Commonly external on desktops, internal on laptops/tablets/phones
- Accessible from multimedia applications, photo utilities, and video conferencing: Real-time video communication
36
Q
1.3 - Mobile Device Accessories
Docking Station
A
- Docking station: Use external keyboard and mouse. Extend existing lapton interfaces. Add addition functionality. Desktop adopter cards. Avoid cable issues.
37
Q
1.3 - Mobile Device Accessories
Port replicator
A
- Port replicator: Similar to a docking station. Does not commonly have an expansion card option. Usually connects via USB.
38
Q
1.4 - Cellular Standards
Cellular networks
A
- Mobile devices: “cell” phones
- Separate land into “cells”: Antenna coverages a cell with certain frequencies
- 2G networks: GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) and CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access)
- Poor data support: Originally used circuit-switching. Minor upgrades for some packet-switching.
39
Q
1.4 - Cellular Standards
GSM
A
- Global System for Mobile Communications: Mobile networking standard
- 90% of the market: Originally an EU standard. Worldwid coverage.
- Used by AT&T and T-mobile in the US: Move your SIM card (Subscriber Identity Module) from phone to phone.
- Original GSM standard used multiplexing: Everyone gets a little slice of time.
40
Q
1.4 - Cellular Standards
CDMA
A
- Code Division Multiple Access: Everyone communicates at the same time. Each call uses a different code. The codes are used to filter each call on the receiving side.
- Used by Verizon and Sprint: Handsets are controlled by the network provider. Not much adoption elsewhere.
41
Q
1.4 - Cellular Standards
3G Technology
A
- 3rd Generation: Introduced in 1998
- Upgraded data connectivity over 2G: Incremental 3G updates improved speeds. Usually several megabits per second.
- Bandwidth improvement allowed new functionality: GPS, Mobile television, Videon on Demand.
42
Q
1.4 - Cellular Standards
4G and LTE
A
- Long Term Evolution (LTE): A “4G” technology. Converged standard (GSM and CDMA providers). Based on GSM and EDGE (Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution). Standard supports download rates of 150 Mbit/s
- LTE Advanced (LTE-A): Standard supports download of 300 Mbit/s
43
Q
1.4 - Cellular Standards
5G
A
- Fifth generation cellular networking: Launched worldwide in 2020
- Significant peformance improvements: At higher frequencies. Eventuallay 10 gigabits per second. Slowe speeds from 100-900 Mbit/s
- Significant IoT impact: Bandwidth becomes less of a constraint. Larger data transfers. Faster monitoring and notification. Additional cloud processing.
44
Q
1.4 - Cellular Standards
Updates
A
- PRL updates: Preferred Roaming List. CDMA networks (verizon, Sprint)
- Allows your phone to connect to the right tower ( Can be updated over the air)
45
Q
1.4 - Cellular Standards
Hotspot
A
- Turn your phone into WIFI hotspot: Your own wireless route. Extend the cellular data network to all of your devices.
- Dependent on phone type and provider: May require additional charges and data costs.
46
Q
1.4 - Mobile Device Connectivity
Bluetooth pairing
A
- Connect a Bluetooth device: Built-in security. Use or verify PIN
- Pair the devices one time: Future connections should be automatic
- Check with the manufacturer: May prefer a specific sequence. Discoverable mode isn’t alway obvious.
47
Q
1.4 - Mobile Device Connectivity
Bluetooth pairing process
A
- Enable Bluetooh on both devices: Android and iOS: Settings / Bluetooth
- Set devices to discoverable mode: May require key sequence on Bluetooth device.
- Select discovered device: Many devices may appear
- Enter or confirm PIN: Should be the same on both devices.
- Test connectivityL Devices should now communicate.
48
Q
1.4 - Mobile Device Connectivity
GPS (Global Positioning System)
A
- Created by the US Department of Defense: Over 30 satellites currently in orbit
- Precise navigation: Need to see at least 4 satellites.
- Determines location based on timing difference: longitude, latitude, altitude
- Mobile device location services and geotracking: Maps, directions. Determine physical location based on GPS, WiFi and cellular towers.
49
Q
1.4 - Mobile Device Connectivity
MDM (Mobile Device Management)
A
- Manage company-owned and user-owned mobile devices: BYOD - Bring Your Own Device.
- Centralized management of the mobile devices: Specialized functionality.
- Set policies on apps, data, camera, etc.: Control the remote devie, the entire device or a “partition”
- Manage access control: Force screen locks and PINs on these single user devices.
50
Q
1.4 - Mobile Device Connectivity
MDM configurations
A
- Corporate email configuration: User does not need to configure anything. The MDM makes the changes on the device. Account details, server address, communication method.
- Two-factor authentication: Require specific authentication types. Biometrics, pseudo-random authentication app.
- Corporate applications: Allow or restrict app installation. Prevent unauthorized app usage.
51
Q
1.4 - Mobile Device Configurations
Configuring a mobile device
A
- Many settings are preconfigured: Telephone / text messaging
- Email: Everyone handles email services differently. Corporate email configuration can vary.
- Data synchronization: Based on data rate and speeds. Important for backup and recovery.
52
Q
1.4 - Mobile Device Configurations
Microsoft 365
A
- Outlook, Exchange: Microsoft’s email service. Usually the same hotmail and Outlook.com
- Authenticate to Microsoft 365: Username, password
- Select the items to synchronize: Changes in Outlook will appear on the mobile device.
- Same process for Google Workspace: Formerly known as a G suite.
53
Q
1.4 - Mobile Device Configurations
iCloud
A
- Integrate into iOS and iPadOS: Provide an iCloud username and password.
- Select synchronization options: Extensive customization
- Synchronize to macOS: Use your desktop, laptop, or mobile device.
54
Q
1.4 - Mobile Device Configurations
Synchronizing data
A
- Data types: mail, pictures/music/video, calendar, contacts.
- Data caps and transfer costs: cellular vs 802.11. Enable or disable network connections. Control the use of cellular downloads.
55
Q
A
