Section 1:Anatomy And Physiology 3

Question 1

1-1 Integument System

Answer 1

Consist of the skin,nails,hair,sebaceous and sweat glands

Question 2

Skin

Answer 2

Largest non visceral organ.
-epidermis:outer epithelial layer;Striated squamous epithelium
-dermis:Dense ,irregular connective tissue layer

Question 3

Hypodermis

Answer 3

Looser connective tissue layer
Subcutaneous medication maybe administered via hypodermic injections .

Question 4

skeletal muscle cells

Answer 4

voluntary,involuntary.Multinucleated,cigar shaped and contain PLASMALEMMA orSARCOLEMA

Question 5

Cardiac Muscle Cells

Answer 5

Striated and involuntary located in the heart.Responsible for contraction.

Question 6

Smooth muscle cells

Answer 6

Uninucleated and involuntary.Location:walls of hollow organs such as stomach,intestines,bladder,blood vessels,uterus

Question 7

cytoplasm of muscle cells

Answer 7

Filled with protein strands called MYOFILAMENTS.Mitochondria,golgi,vesicles.lysosomes and other organelles are randomly situated between myofibrils.

Question 8

Myofilaments

Answer 8

Threadlike structures of myofibrils in the muscle .
A bands–Are dark bands;thin actin filaments and thick myosin.
I- bands–are light bands or striations.contain Z lines

Question 9

myofibrils

Answer 9

main function:produce muscle relaxation.(microfilaments)

Question 10

Sliding theory of muscle contraction

Answer 10

Thick and thin myolfilaments interdigitate and slide between and with one another during muscle contraction.Calcium and adenosine triphosphate(ATP) are vital in producing muscle contraction

Question 11

abduction

Answer 11

Movement of bone and the limb away from the midline of the body

Question 12

adduction

Answer 12

Movement of bone and the limbs toward the midline

Question 13

efferent axon

Answer 13

Terminate on the skeletal cells at specialized synaptic sites of contact called Muscle end plates or Neuromuscular junction.(release acetylholine)

Question 14

Right atrium(heart)

Answer 14

Receives deoxygenated blood from the head,neck,and upper extremities through the superior and inferior vena cava.

Question 15

Right ventricle(heart)

Answer 15

Constricts to force blood through the pulmonary semilunar valve to the pulmonary trunk.

Question 16

Left atrium(heart)

Answer 16

Oxygenated blood is sent through the 4 pulmonary veins

Question 17

Electrical activity of the heart

Answer 17

P wave-occurs with Atria ;depolarization or contraction
QRS wave complex-depolarization of the ventricle
T Wave-represents electrical activity(repolarization)
or relaxation of the ventricles.

Question 18

liver

Answer 18

Largest Visceral organ of the body.receives blood from the portal vein.important exocrine organ and secrets the bile ,a fatty emulsifer.

Question 19

Pancreas

Answer 19

Is both endocrine and exocrine in function producing pancreatic enzymes as well as the hormone INSULIN (islet pancreatic cell).

Question 20

CNS neurotransmitter

Answer 20

Acetylcholine,y aminobutyric acid(GABA),Serotonin

Question 21

frontal lobe(brain)

Answer 21

Higher cortical activity or mental integration.

Question 22

Temporal Lobe(brain)

Answer 22

Functions in Language,memory.auditory information processing.

Question 23

occipital lobe

Answer 23

Posteriorly situated,funtion as primary and secondary visual center.

Question 24

limbic lobe

Answer 24

Medial part of the brain.Emotional expression such as fear,aversion and attraction.

Question 25

Spleen

Answer 25

Largest lymph organ.Function :store and destroy old red blood corpuscles

Question 26

pituitary gland

Answer 26

Master gland,releases and store hormones.
*Follicle stimulating hormone
*thyrotropic stimulating hormone
*growth hormone
*prolactin

Question 27

Parathyroid gland

Answer 27

Regulates the amount of calcium in the bloodstream

Question 28

suprarenal gland

Answer 28

Location:Cranial aspect of the kidney
*Adrenal cortex:secrets glucocorticoids,secrets epinehprine(adrenaline)and norepinehrine

Question 29

nitric oxide

Answer 29

Potent vasodilator released by endothelial cells in response to changes in blood pressure.
*Overstimulation of the endothelin causes oxidative stresss

Question 30

QT Prolongation

Answer 30

Heart muscle takes longer to contract and relax;resulting in cardiac arrest.
Represents the full process of ventricular repolarization

Question 31

thymus gland

Answer 31

Location: Anterior thorax
Produces T-Lymphosites

Question 32

GASEOUs O2 and Co2 are exchanged in which level of respiratory system?

Answer 32

Pulmonary Alveoli

Question 33

Ovarian follicle produces and secrets what hormones

Answer 33

Estrogen

Question 34

Responsible for the manifestation of secondary sex hormone in male.

Answer 34

Testosterone

Question 35

Ovarian cortex contains germ cells located in cellular enclosures

Answer 35

Follicles

Question 36

Large blood vessel that delivers deoxygenated blood to the liver

Answer 36

portal vein

Question 37

Long bones that are covered on the surface by a highly vsscular connective tisssue

Answer 37

Periosternum

Question 38

Neuro transmitter released from the axon terminal of the neuromuscular junction

Answer 38

Acetylcholine

Question 39

invertebral disc of the body location

Answer 39

Bony spine

Question 40

Component of the skeleton located in the chest and rib structure

Answer 40

Sternum

Question 41

Cell that is lacking a nuclear membrane.

Answer 41

Prokaryotic cells

Question 42

Filters the blood and small intestine.Produces WBC.

Answer 42

Spleen