Section 1, 2, & 3 Flashcards
The levels of organization in the human body consists of _____.
Cells,
Tissues,
Organs,
Organ systems
What is the smallest level of organization in the human body?
Cell
What is the largest level of organization in the human body?
Organ system
The basic unit of structure and function in living things
Cells
__________ organisms are composed of many cells in the same way a building is composed of many bricks.
Complex
The human body contains about how many cells?
100 trillion
The __________ forms the outside boundary of the cell.
Cell membrane
Inside the cell membrane is a large structure called the __________.
Nucleus
What is the control center that directs the cell’s activities?
Nucleus
What contains information that determines the cells characteristics?
Nucleus
The area between the cell membrane and the nucleus
Cytoplasm
A clear jelly like substance in which many important cell structures are found
Cytoplasm
__________ carry on the process that keep organisms alive
Cells
The cell is the smallest unit of organization in your body; the next level is a __________.
Tissue
A group of similar cells that perform the same function
Tissue
Your body contains four different kinds of tissues. What are those tissues?
- Muscle tissue
- Nerve tissue
- Connective tissue
- Epithelial tissue
Which tissue can contract, or shorten?
Muscle tissue
__________ makes parts of your body move.
Muscle tissue
Which tissue carries messages back and forth between the brain and every other part of the body?
Nerve tissue
Your brain is made up mostly of __________.
Nerve tissue
Which tissue provides support for your body and connects all its parts?
Connective tissue
Three examples of connective tissue
- Bone
- Fat
- Blood
Which tissue covers the surfaces of your body inside and out?
Epithelial tissue
Other kinds of epithelial tissue __________.
Absorbed or released substances
The lining of your digestive system consist of __________.
Epithelial tissue
A structure that is composed of different kinds of tissue
Organ
Largest organs
Skin
Which organ contains all four kinds of tissue?
Heart
Each organ in your body is part of an __________.
Organ system
A group of organs that work together to perform a major function
Organ system
The human body is made up of how many organ systems?
Eleven (technically ten)
What are those eleven organ systems?
- Circulatory
- Digestive
- Endocrine
- Excretory
- Immune
- Muscular
- Nervous
- Reproductive
- Respiratory
- Skeletal
- *Skin
Circulatory system
Carries needed materials to the body cells
Carries waste away from body cells
Helps fight disease
Digestive system
Takes food into the body breaks food down and absorbs the digested materials
Circulatory system is also known as?
Cardiovascular
Most number of organs in which organ system?
Digestive system
Endocrine system
Controls many body processes-such as intake of sugar by cells-by means of chemicals
Excretory system
Removes waste
Immune system
Fights disease
Muscular system
Enables the body to move; moves food through the digestive system; keeps the heart beating
Nervous system
Detects and interprets information from the environment outside the body and from within the body; controls most body functions
Reproductive system
Produces sex cells that can unite with other sex cells to create offspring; controls male and female characteristics
Respiratory system
Takes oxygen into the body and eliminates carbon dioxide
Skeletal system
Supports the body, protects it, and works with muscles to allow movement; makes blood cells and stores the materials
Skin
Protects the body, keeps water inside the body, and helps regulate body temperature
The term that is mostly associated with homeostasis
Stability
The body’s return to normal after a scare is one example of __________.
Homeostasis
Homeostasis
The process by which an organism’s internal environment is kept stable in spite of changes in the external environment
The reaction of your body and mind to threatening, challenging, or disturbing events
Stress
In the __________ stage, your body releases adrenaline into your __________.
Alarm, bloodstream
Adrenaline gives you a __________.
Burst of energy and causes many other changes in your body
How does stress affect the heart person’s heartbeat and breathing rates?
Your breathing quickens sending more oxygen to your body cells to provide energy for your muscles that extra oxygen gets to your cells rapidly because your heart begins to beat faster
The reactions caused by adrenaline are sometimes called the __________.
“Fight-or-flight” response
When a stressful situation does not go away quickly your body __________.
Cannot restore homeostasis
What is wellness?
Being at your best possible level of health
What are the three components of wellness?
Physical health,
Mental health,
Social health
What is physical health?
How well your body functions
What is mental health?
Involves your feelings or emotions how you feel about yourself and how you handle the day to day demand of your life
What is social health?
How are you get along with others
What is peer pressure?
It consist of pressure from your friends and classmates to behave in certain ways
What is the continuum?
A gradual progression through many stages between one extreme and another
Pros and cons
Benefits and risks of an action you might take
What disturbs homeostasis?
Stress
__________ perform complex functions.
Organs
__________ a group of organs that work together to perform a major function
Organ system
