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ICT > section 1,2,3 > Flashcards

section 1,2,3 Flashcards

1
Q

hardware

A

physical components of a computer system
devices that make up the computer

(input devices, output devices, storage devices, processing devices)

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2
Q

software

A

programs for controlling the operations of a computer
programs for processing data

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3
Q

what is direct entry data

A

information is automatically input by reader

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4
Q

manual input devices

A

keyboard
numeric keypad
pointing devices
remote control
joystick
touch screen
light pen
digital camera
web cam
microphone
scanners

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5
Q

state the different direct entry data devices

A

OCR (optical character reader)
OMR (optical mark reader)
magnetic stripe reader
chip readers and PIN codes
RFID (radio frequency identification reader)
NFC (near field communication reader)
Bar code reader
QR scanner

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6
Q

what does OCR stand for

A

optical character reader

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7
Q

uses of OCR

A

convert scanned image to a text file which can be edited (process) by another software package such as word processors , spreadsheets, databases etc

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8
Q

how does an OCR work

A

scans the document
recognise the characters by identifying patterns of black and white pixels

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9
Q

advantages of OCR

A

can be used to read any printed/handwritten text

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10
Q

disadvantages of OCR

A

inaccurate when reading handwritten text
might take time to read /recognise text

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11
Q

what does OMR stand for

A

optical mark reader

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12
Q

uses of OMR

A

multiple choice candidate exam answers

questionnaires where responses are recorded by shading in specified positions

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13
Q

how does an OMR work

A

dedicated scanner device shines a beam of light onto the form

light is reflected back to sensors

marks reflect less light to sensors used to identify positions of marks

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14
Q

advantages of OMR

A

saves time
accurate;avoid human error

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15
Q

disadvantage of OMR

A

•can only be used in case of choices not text
•if mark isnt dark enough it might not be detected
•if mark doesnt fill the box it might not be detected
•if mark isnt erased properly it might not be detected
•must have pre set forms (expensive)

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16
Q

uses of magnetic stripe reader

A

at POS terminals,ATMS and security applications

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17
Q

uses of chip readers and PIN pads

A

at POS terminals, ATMs and security applications

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18
Q

state the data stored when used in banking applications of a magnetic stripe reader

A

•unique acc number
•bank ID
•expiry date

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19
Q

state the data stored when used in banking applications of a PIN code and chip reader

A

•unique account number
•pin code
•bank ID
•expiry date

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20
Q

benefits of magnetic stripe reader

A

•shoulder surfing cannot take place
•faster payment process

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21
Q

benefits of chip reader and PIN code

A

•more secure due to PIN
•not easily scratched or damaged
•not affected by magnetic fields

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22
Q

what does RFID stand for

A

radio frequency identification reader

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23
Q

the two parts of a tag in an RFID

A

microchip that stores info
antenna that is used ro receive and transmit date

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24
Q

activation process of RFID

A

RFID reader sends radio waves to the RFID antenna in the tag
radio waves received by the tag’s antenna activate the microchip
tag sends radio-waves back to the reader

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25
Q

advantages of RFID

A

•no line of sight or contact is necessary(tag can be read from distance)
•data stored on chip
•very robust and reliable tech
•very fast read rate

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26
Q

disadvantages of RFID

A

uses radio waves so easy to jam or interrupt
•easy to hack date transmitted by tag
•more expensive than barcode or chip reader system

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27
Q

uses of RFID

A

•attendance tracking instead of check in queue
•tracking stock, you passports,automobiles
•automatic passport control gates at airports
•contactless payment

28
Q

what does NFC stand for

A

near field communication reader

29
Q

NFC

A

•contactless transmission including payment for items using a smartphone or transmission of info between smartphones
•NFC requires senders and receivers to be closer together than in RFID which makes it more secure
•devices can act as both senders and receivers

30
Q

advantages of payment by contactless card (RFC)

A

•customer doesnt have to worry about PIN being seen or shoulder surfed
•customer doesnt have to worry about PIN being typed incorrectly
•faster transaction
•not damaged by overused

31
Q

disadvantage of contactless payment (NFC)

A

card mat be read accidentally
•only small amounts may be withdrawn
•more chance of fraud if card is stolen
•more expensive readers and cards
•devices can read the card wirelessly to steal money

32
Q

uses of bar code reader

A

code number from products
library books
membership numbers

33
Q

how do bar code readers work

A

illuminating the code with red light
sensor detects the reflected light
according to the intensity of the reflections (white reflects more than black) the code is detected

34
Q

advantages of bar code reader

A

can be read upside down

35
Q

disadvantages of bar code readers

A

easily scratched/ dirty and might be read inaccurately
cannot store information

36
Q

QR SCANNER

A

the codes in the pattern contain a small amount of data such as website URLs and contact details

37
Q

advantages of QR

A

many smartphones have QR readers so easy to access additional information

codes avoid user to having to remember long numbers and website addresses

38
Q

disadvantages QR scanner

A

limited amount of data stored
id code is damaged, scanner may lead user to wrong information

39
Q

biometric readers

A

finger print
retina
iris
face recognition
voice recognition

40
Q

advantages of biometric readers

A

•unique as no two ppl have the same fingerprints
•difficult to be copied
•impossible to be lost or forgotten

41
Q

disadvantages of biometric readers

A

expensive equipment
takes time to scan
needs a lot of storage
security issues related ro storing people’s biometric data

42
Q

benefits of using 3D printers

A

faster to create than manual metals

more accurate than manual method

easier to create multiple skeletons with different sizes

3D printer will protect original skeleton from being damaged

43
Q

3 examples of biometrics

A

face recognition
voice recognition
retina scan

44
Q

is barcode reader input or output

A

input

45
Q

compare and contrast barcodes and RFID

A

compare: they are both contactless and require direct entry data

differences:
barcodes are easily damaged
RFID is more robust
stores more data than barcodes
doesnt require line of site

46
Q

CRT monitor is an output device

A

application where space isnt a problem

47
Q

CRT monitor is an output device

A

application where space isnt a problem

48
Q

TFT monitor

A

output device application where space is limited

49
Q

laser printer has high or low noise?

A

low

50
Q

laser printer speed

A

High

51
Q

running cost of laser printer

A

lowest bc of toner

52
Q

are laser printers suitable in dirty environments

A

no

53
Q

what is the ink if a laser printer

A

toner

54
Q

advantages of dot matrix

A

continuous paper
can make carbon copies
can work in dirty environments

55
Q

graph plotter

A

large print outs such as A0
continuous print outs
high quality accurate
used from graphs and AD APPS

56
Q

how does a 3D printer work

A

makes 3D solid object and software slices them into layers
printer builds objects layer by layer and binds layers together

57
Q

advantages of 3D printers

A

customisable
faster than manual
able to create fragile objects from robust materials

58
Q

disadvantages of 3D printers

A

cost of printer is expensive

59
Q

magnetic backing storge
properties of a fixed hard disc

A

very fast
not protable
high capacity

60
Q

properties of portable hard discs

A

large capacity
portable
more expensive than other forms of removable media

61
Q

magnetic tapes properties

A

large storage capacity
slow access speed
high transfer speed

62
Q

optical backing storage properties

A

portable
can be broken or scratched and stores CDs DVDs

63
Q

uses of Blu-ray

A

storing HD/3D movies

64
Q

properties of CD ROM

A

prevents deleting/editing data

65
Q

CFast card

A

used in gaming devices
faster transfer speed

66
Q

xD card

A

mainly used for cameras
limited capacity
not compatible with a lot of devices

ICT (1 decks)

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