Section 1-2

Question 0

Substance made by only one type of atom that cannot be broken down by chemical means

Answer 0

Element

Question 1

Smallest basic unit of life

Answer 1

Atom

Question 2

Substance made of atoms of different elements bonded together in a particular ratio

Answer 2

Compound

Question 3

Chemical bond formed through the electrical force between oppositely charged ions

Answer 3

Ionic bond

Question 4

Chemical bond formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons

Answer 4

Covalent bond

Question 5

Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds, not necessarily a compound

Answer 5

Molecule

Question 6

Attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom and a slightly negative atom

Answer 6

Hydrogen bond

Question 7

Attraction between molecules of the same substance

Answer 7

Cohesion

Question 8

Attraction between molecules of different substance

Answer 8

Adhesion

Question 9

Mixture that is consistent throughout is called a homogeneous mixture

Answer 9

Solution

Question 10

A substance I which dilutes dissolves and that is present in greatest concentration in a solution

Answer 10

Solvent

Question 11

Compound that donates a proton when dissolved in solution

Answer 11

Acid

Question 12

Atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons

Answer 12

Ion

Question 13

Compound that accepts a proton when dissolved in solution

Answer 13

Base

Question 14

Measurement of acidity, related to free hydrogen ion concentration in solution

Answer 14

pH

Question 15

Molecular subunit of a polymer

Answer 15

Monomer

Question 16

Molecule composed of carbon,hydrogen, and oxygen, includes sugars, starches

Answer 16

Carbohydrate

Question 17

No polar molecule composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, includes fats and oils

Answer 17

Lipid

Question 18

Hydrocarbon chain often bonded to glycerol in a lipid

Answer 18

Fatty acid

Question 19

Polymer composed of amino acids linked by peptide bonds

Answer 19

Protein

Question 20

Molecule that makes up proteins, composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and so regimes sulfur

Answer 20

Amino acids

Question 21

Polymer of nucleotides the genetic material of organisms

Answer 21

Nucleic acid

Question 22

Process by which substances change into different substances through the breaking and forming of chemical bonds

Answer 22

Chemical reaction

Question 23

Substance that is changed by a chemical reaction

Answer 23

Reactant

Question 24

Substance that is changed by a chemical reaction

Answer 24

Product

Question 25

Amount do energy needed to break a bond between two particular atoms, or the amount of energy released when a bond forms between two particulars atoms

Answer 25

Bond energy

Question 26

Condition in which reactants and products of a chemical reaction are formed at the same rate

Answer 26

Equilibrium

Question 27

Energy input necessary to initiate a chemical reaction

Answer 27

Activation energy

Question 28

Chemical reaction that yields a net release of energy in the form of heat

Answer 28

Exothermic

Question 29

Chemical reaction that requires a net input of energy

Answer 29

Endothermic

Question 30

Substance that decreases activation energy and increases reaction rate in a chemical reaction

Answer 30

Catalyst

Question 31

Protein that catalyzes chemical reactions for organisms

Answer 31

Enzyme

Question 32

Reactant in a chemical reaction upon which an enzyme acts

Answer 32

Substrate

Question 33

Large, carbon-based molecule formed by monomers

Answer 33

Polymer