Section 1

Question 1

What happens to the system when the concentration has increased/decreased?

Answer 1

Increase - system consumes some of the added components
Decrease - system produces some of the removed components

Question 2

What are the three ways to change pressure?

Answer 2

1) changing the conc of the gaseous element
2) adding an inert gas
3) changing the volume of a vessel

Question 3

T/F - change in temperature is the only way to change the constant

Answer 3

True

Question 4

What is necessary for a process to be spontaneous?

Answer 4

Suniv > o

Question 5

What is a chemical equilibrium?

Answer 5

When the concentrations of the reactants and products have reached constant values

Question 6

Qc is greater than Kc?

Answer 6

Reverse direction

Question 7

Qc is less than Kc

Answer 7

Forward direction

Question 8

What equilibrium constant reflects the solubility of compound?

Answer 8

Ksp

Question 9

When Change of Free Energy<0 is spontaneous, what direction is it favouring?

Answer 9

Forward direction to form more products

Question 10

When Change of Free energy>0, reaction is spontaneous and goes which direction?

Answer 10

Reverse direction

Question 11

What is the common ion effect

Answer 11

Adding an ion “common” to an equilibrium system, causes reaction mixture to change

Question 12

Boyle’s law

Answer 12

V = constant/p

Question 13

Ideal gas law

Answer 13

PV=nRT

Question 14

Charles’ law

Answer 14

V=constant x T

Question 15

Avogadros law

Answer 15

V= constant x n

Question 16

What is potential energy

Answer 16

Energy due to the position of the object relative to other objects

Question 17

Kinetic energy

Answer 17

Energy due to the motion of an object

Question 18

What is an open system

Answer 18

Exchanges both matter and energy with surroundings

Question 19

What is a closed system

Answer 19

Cannot exchange matter but can energy with surrounding

Question 20

What is an isolated system

Answer 20

Cannot exchange matter or energy with the surrounding

Question 21

Change of a Usys> 0

Answer 21

System ends up with more energy

Question 22

Change of Usys < 0

Answer 22

System lose energy

Question 23

Two ways the volume would expand in a system

Answer 23

1. Increase the temp
2. Decrease pressure

Question 24

What is the standard enthalpy of formation of a compound

Answer 24

^Hf’ - enthalpy change for the reaction that produces one mole of the compound in it’s standard state

Question 25

Do question on page 41

Question 26

What is intermolecular attraction?

Answer 26

Force between two molecules

Question 27

Strength of molecules attractions depends on?

Answer 27

Size: larger molecules experience stronger forces/more interactions
Shape:+ long thin experience stronger attraction

Question 28

Kinetic model of gases

Answer 28

Explain macroscopic gas behaviour

Question 29

Interparticle attractions is stronger when? (Real gases)

Answer 29

High pressure, low temp

Question 30

Phase transition is?

Answer 30

Substance changes its phase without changing the chemical composition

Question 31

Thermal energy is

Answer 31

Energy transferred between objects because of the potential and kinetic energy of particles

Question 32

What is spontaneous change?

Answer 32

It can only occur under specific conditions without the continuous input of energy

Question 33

What is Boltzmann constant

Answer 33

1.38x10-23 jkL-1

Question 34

Entropy: phase changes

Answer 34

Increase in entropy

Question 35

Entropy: dissolving solid to liquid

Answer 35

Increasing in entropy

Question 36

Entropy: dissolving gas to liquid

Answer 36

Decrease in entropy

Question 37

What is the r gas constant value

Answer 37

8.314jk-1mol-1