Section 1

Question 1

How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?

Answer 1

12

Question 2

What are some functions cranial nerves can carry out?

Answer 2

sensory info, motor, or both

Question 3

What is cranial nerve one?

Answer 3

-olfactory nerve
-info: sensory only
-function: smell

Question 4

what is cranial nerve 2?

Answer 4

-optic nerve
-info: sensory only
-function: vision

Question 5

what is cranial nerve 3?

Answer 5

-oculomotor nerve
-info: motor only
-function: movement of the eye

*one of the three cranial nerves that sends motor input to the muscles that move the eye

Question 6

what is cranial nerve 4?

Answer 6

-trochlear nerve
-info: motor only
-function: movement of the eye

*the second of the three cranial nerves involved in eye movement

Question 7

what is cranial nerve 5?

Answer 7

-trigeminal nerve
-info: motor and sensory
-function: forehead, eye, upper jaw, lower jaw (sensory). muscles of mastication (motor)

Question 8

what is cranial nerve 6?

Answer 8

-abducens nerve
-info: motor only
-function: movement of the eye

*the third cranial nerve involved in eye movement

Question 9

what is cranial nerve 7?

Answer 9

-facial nerve
-info: sensory and motor
-function for sensory: taste for anterior 2/3 of tongue
-function for motor: muscles of facial expression, parasympathetic, innervation of tear and salivary glands

Question 10

what is cranial nerve 8?

Answer 10

-vestibulocochlear nerve
-info: sensory
-function: equilibrium and hearing

Question 11

what is cranial nerve 9?

Answer 11

-glossopharyngeal nerve
-info: sensory and motor
-motor function” pharynx muscles, parasympathetic innervation of salivary glands
-sensory function: sensory innervation of the pharynx, taste from posterior 1/3 tongue

Question 12

what is cranial nerve 10?

Answer 12

-vagus nerve
-info: sensory and motor
-motor function: pharynx and larynx muscles, parasympathetic innervation of the thoracic and abdominal organs
-sensory function: sensory innervation of the larynx

Question 13

what is cranial nerve 11?

Answer 13

-accessory nerve
-info: motor
-info: trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles

Question 14

what is cranial nerve 12?

Answer 14

-hypoglossal nerve
-info: motor
-function: muscles of the tongue

Question 15

say one technique to memorize the cranial nerves.

Answer 15

1. On occasions, our Trusty Truck Acts Funny- Very Good Vehicle Any How
2. Oh, Once On Takes The Anatomy Final Very Good Vacations Are Heavenly

*both of these use the first letter of each word

Question 16

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there? And what do they carry?

Answer 16

-31 pairs
-carry info through the PNS

Question 17

How is a spinal nerve formed?

Answer 17

through the union of the posterior (sensory) and anterior (motor) roots of the spinal cord

Question 18

How are spinal nerves identified?

Answer 18

on a letter and number, similar to the classification of vertebrae

Letter: refers to the region of the spinal cord

Number: refers to the level

Question 19

What are plexuses? How are they formed?

Answer 19

-once the spinal nerves exit the vertebral column, fibres from the anterior roots (motor) come together and then redistribute into new networks of nerves (plexuses) that mostly innervate muscles of the limb.
-each contain fibres (a collection of axons) from a combo of spinal nerves

Question 20

What functional importance do plexuses have? Explain.

Answer 20

-in case of injury, the contribution of multiple spina nerves into the nerve plexuses ensures innervation to the muscle.

Question 21

what does the main spinal nerve plexuses in the body correspond to?

Answer 21

enlargements of the spinal cord

Question 22

what do the cervical and brachial plexuses correspond to?

Answer 22

cervical enlargement

Question 23

what do the lumbar and sacral plexuses correspond to?

Answer 23

lumbosacral enlargement